@article {https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202304410,
	title = {Modular Aptamer Switches for the Continuous Optical Detection of Small-Molecule Analytes in Complex Media},
	journal = {Advanced Materials},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	year = {2024},
	pages = {2304410},
	abstract = {Abstract Aptamers are a promising class of affinity reagents because signal transduction mechanisms can~be built into the reagent, so that they can directly produce a physically measurable output signal upon target binding. However, endowing the signal transduction functionality into an aptamer remains a trial-and-error process that can compromise its affinity or specificity and typically requires knowledge of the ligand binding domain or its structure. In this work, a design architecture that can convert an existing aptamer into a {\textquotedblleft}reversible aptamer switch{\textquotedblright} whose kinetic and thermodynamic properties can be tuned without a priori knowledge of the ligand binding domain or its structure is described. Finally, by combining these aptamer switches with evanescent-field-based optical detection hardware that minimizes sample autofluorescence, this study demonstrates the first optical biosensor system that can continuously measure multiple biomarkers (dopamine and cortisol) in complex samples (artificial cerebrospinal fluid and undiluted plasma) with second and subsecond-scale time responses at physiologically relevant concentration ranges.},
	keywords = {aptamer switches, biomedical probes, BIOSENSOR, functional materials, real-time detection},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202304410},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adma.202304410},
	author = {Hariri, Amani A. and Cartwright, Alyssa P. and Dory, Constantin and Gidi, Yasser and Yee, Steven and Thompson, Ian A. P. and Fu, Kaiyu X. and Yang, Kiyoul and Wu, Diana and Maganzini, Nicol{\`o} and Feagin, Trevor and Young, Brian E. and Afshar, Behrad Habib and Eisenstein, Michael and Digonnet, Michel J. F. and Vuckovic, Jelena and Soh, H. Tom}
}
