@article {784,
	title = {Chronic glucose-lowering effects of rosiglitazone and bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) in ZDF rats},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology},
	volume = {81},
	number = {11},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 749AHTimes Cited: 3Cited Reference Count: 47},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1049-1055},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to determine if there was a synergistic or additive effect of a thiazolidinedione derivative (rosiglitazone (ROS)) and a vanadium compound (bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BEOV)) on plasma glucose and insulin levels following chronic oral administration to Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Whole-blood vanadium levels were determined at time 0 and at days 1, 6, and 18. The doses of BEOV (0.1 mmol/kg) and ROS (2.8 mumol/kg) were selected to produce a glucose-lowering effect in 30\% (ED30) of animals. Both drugs were administered daily by oral gavage as suspensions in 1\% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a volume of 2.5 mL/kg. The total volume administered to all rats was 5 mL/(kg-day). The combination of BEOV and ROS was effective in lowering plasma glucose levels to <9 mmol/L in 60\% of fatty animals as compared with 30\% for BEOV and 10\% for ROS alone. The age-dependent decrease in plasma insulin levels associated with \&beta;-cell failure in the ZDF rats did not occur in the BEOV-treated fatty groups. There was no effect of any treatment on body weight; however, there was a significant reduction in both food and fluid intake in fatty groups treated with BEOV. There were no overt signs of toxicity and no mortality in this study. Both BEOV and ROS were effective in lowering plasma glucose levels, as stated above, and there was at least an additive effect when BEOV and ROS were used in combination.},
	keywords = {ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA, bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV), diabetes, GLUT4, IN-VIVO, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, ORAL VANADYL, PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE-CARBOXYKINASE, RATS, rosigitazone, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS, TRANSLOCATION, VANADYL SULFATE, ZDF rats, ZUCKER FATTY},
	isbn = {0008-4212},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000186896100007},
	author = {Yuen, V. G. and Bhanot, S. and Battell, M. L. and Orvig, Chris and McNeill, J. H.}
}
@article {4399,
	title = {Kinetic analysis and comparison of uptake, distribution, and excretion of V-48-labeled compounds in rats},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Physiology},
	volume = {84},
	number = {2},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: YU964Times Cited: 63Cited Reference Count: 43},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {569-575},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Vanadium has been found to be orally active in lowering plasma glucose levels; thus it provides a potential treatment for diabetes mellitus. Bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(rv) (BMOV) is a well-characterized organovanadium compound that has been shown in preliminary studies to have a potentially useful absorption profile. Tissue distributions of BMOV compared with those of vanadyl sulfate (VS) were studied in Wistar rats by using V-48 as a tracer. In this study, the compounds were administered in carrier-added forms by either oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Data analyzed by a compartmental model, by using simulation, analysis, and modeling (i.e., SAAM II) software, showed a pattern of increased tissue uptake with use of V-48-BMOV compared with (VS)-V-48. The highest V-48 concentrations at 24 h after gavage were in bone, followed by kidney and liver. Most ingested V-48 was eliminated unabsorbed by fecal excretion. On average, V-48 concentrations in bone, kidney, and liver 24 h after oral administration of V-48-BMOV were two to three times higher than those of (VS)-V-48, which is consistent with the increased glucose-lowering potency of BMOV in acute glucose lowering compared with VS.},
	keywords = {ADIPOCYTES, analysis, and modeling, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), compartmental modeling, diabetes, DISSOCIATION, FERRIC MALTOL, GLUCOSE, INDUCED DIABETIC RATS, INSULIN, insulin mimetic, METABOLISM, MOLYBDENUM, SIMULATION, SMALL-INTESTINE, Software, VANADIUM, VANADYL SULFATE},
	isbn = {8750-7587},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000071774300025},
	author = {Setyawati, I. A. and Thompson, K. H. and Yuen, V. G. and Sun, Y. and Battell, M. and Lyster, D. M. and Vo, C. and Ruth, T. J. and Zeisler, S. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4168,
	title = {Effects of bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) are distinct from food restriction in STZ-diabetic rats},
	journal = {American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism},
	volume = {272},
	number = {1},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: WG568Times Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 39},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {E30-E35},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In association with the insulin-mimetic properties, vanadium and related compounds have been shown to normalize hyperphagia associated with diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of an organic vanadium compound, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV), vs. food restriction on the metabolic abnormalities that occur in diabetes. BMOV was administered daily in drinking water to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats for 6 wk. Pair-fed groups were fed based on the intake for their respective counterparts from the previous day. Plasma parameters mere measured weekly after a carefully controlled 5-h fasting period. BMOV reduced plasma glucose (diabetic = 31.2 +/- 1.9, diabetic treated = 10.2 +/- 1.8, and diabetic pair fed = 34.2 +/- 1.1 mM), triglyceride, and cholesterol levels to normal without a concomitant increase in plasma insulin levels. There was no body weight gain in the diabetic pair-fed group compared with all other groups. BMOV but not pair feeding was effective in preventing the decreased cardiac function observed in STZ-diabetic rats. These data suggest that the glucose-lowering properties of BMOV are independent of the effects of dietary restriction and reinforce the efficacy of BMOV as an effective antihyperglycemic agent.},
	keywords = {diabetes, FA/FA, GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS, glucose-lowering effect, HYPERINSULINEMIA, IN-VIVO, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, LONG-TERM IMPROVEMENT, MELLITUS, ORAL VANADATE, RATS, SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS, STREPTOZOTOCIN, SULFATE, VANADYL},
	isbn = {0193-1849},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997WG56800005},
	author = {Yuen, V. G. and Orvig, Chris and McNeill, J. H.}
}
@article {3447,
	title = {Increased potency of vanadium using organic ligands},
	journal = {Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry},
	volume = {153},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: TM620Times Cited: 45Cited Reference Count: 46Vanadium SymposiumJUL 29-31, 1994MONTREAL, CANADACanadian Diabet Assoc, Fonds Rech Sante Quebec, Juvenile Diabet Fdn Canada, Marion Merrell Dow Canada, McGill Univ, Med Res Council Canada, Medisense Canada Inc, Merck Frosst, Canada Inc, Miles Canada Inc},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {175-180},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {The in vivo glucose lowering effect of orally administered inorganic vanadium compounds in diabetes was first reported in our laboratory in 1985. While both vanadate and vanadyl forms of vanadium are orally active, they are still not well absorbed. We have synthesized several organic vanadium compounds and one compound, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(lv) or BMOV, has been extensively investigated. BMOV proved effective in lowering plasma glucose and lipids in STZ-diabetic: rats when administered in drinking water over a 25 week period. The maintenance dose (0.18 mmol/kg/day) was approximately 50\% of that required for vanadyl sulfate (VS). Secondary complications of diabetes were prevented by BMOV and no marked toxicity was noted. Oral gavage of STZ-diabetic rats with BMOV also reduced blood glucose levels. The ED(50) for BMOV was 0.5 mmol/kg, while for VS the estimated ED(50) was 0.9 mmol/kg. BMOV was also effective by the intraperitoneal route in STZ-diabetic rats. The ED(50) was 0.08 mmol/kg compared to 0.22 mmol/kg for VS. Some animals treated p.o. or i.p. remained euglycemic for up to 14 weeks. An i.v. infusion of BMOV of 0.05 mmol/kg over a 30 min period reduced plasma glucose levels by 50\% while VS was not effective.},
	keywords = {ADIPOCYTES, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), diabetes, DIABETIC, GLUCOSE, HYPERTENSION, IMPROVEMENT, INSULIN ACTION, insulin-mimetic, RATS, RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE, resistance, SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS, VANADATE, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0300-8177},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1995TM62000024},
	author = {McNeill, J. H. and Yuen, V. G. and Dai, S. T. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {2941,
	title = {IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS FOLLOWING CHRONIC ORAL-ADMINISTRATION OF BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV)},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology},
	volume = {71},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LN775Times Cited: 70Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Mar-Apr},
	pages = {270-276},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Decreased cardiac function in streptozotocin-diabetic rats has been used as a model of diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy, which is a secondary complication in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a new organic vanadium complex, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV), (BMOV), in improving heart function in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. There were four groups of male, Wistar rats: control (C), control treated (CT), diabetic (D), and diabetic treated (DT). Treatment consisted of BMOV, 0.5 mg/mL (1.8 mM) for the first 3 weeks and 0.75 mg/mL (2.4 mM) for the next 22 weeks, in the drinking water of rats allowed ad libitum access to food and water. BMOV lowered blood glucose to < 9 mM in 70\% of DT animals without any increase in plasma insulin levels, and mean blood glucose and plasma lipid levels were significantly lower in DT vs. D rats. Tissue vanadium levels were measured in plasma, bone, kidney, liver, muscle, and fat of BMOV-treated rats. Plasma vanadium levels averaged 0.84 +/- 0.07 mug/mL (16.8 muM) in CT rats and 0.76 +/-0.05 mug/mL (15.2 muM) in DT animals. The highest vanadium levels at termination of this chronic feeding study were in bone, 18.3 +/- 3.0 mug/g (0.37 mumol/g) in CT and 26.4 +/- 2.6 mug/g (0.53 mumol/g) in DT rats, with intermediate levels in kidney and liver, and low, but detectable levels in muscle and fat. There were no deaths in either the CT or DT group, and no overt signs of vanadium toxicity were present. Tissue vanadium levels were not correlated with die glucose-lowering effect. Isolated working heart parameters of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and rate of pressure development (+dP/dT, and -dP/dT) indicated that BMOV treatment resulted in significant correction of the heart dysfunction associated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rat.},
	keywords = {ACTIVATION, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), BLOOD-GLUCOSE, diabetes, GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS, INSULIN, MYOCARDIAL DYSFUNCTION, STREPTOZOTOCIN, SULFATE, VANADATE TREATMENT, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0008-4212},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LN77500014},
	author = {Yuen, V. G. and Orvig, Chris and Thompson, K. H. and McNeill, J. H.}
}
