@article {2637,
	title = {Vanadium treatment of type 2 diabetes: A view to the future},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {103},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 429EUTimes Cited: 20Cited Reference Count: 41Thompson, Katherine H. Lichter, Jay LeBel, Carl Scaife, Michael C. McNeill, John H. Orvig, Chris6th International Vanadium SymposiumJUL 17-19, 2008Lisbon, PORTUGALSp. Iss. SI},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {554-558},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pryone and 2-ethyl 3-hydroxy-4-pyrone (maltol and ethyl maltol, respectively) have proven especially suitable a ligands for vanadyl tons, fit potential insulin enhancing agents for diabetes mellitus. Both bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV), and the ethylmaltol analog, bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BEOV), have the desired intermediate stability for pro-drug use, and have undergone extensive pie-clinical testing for safety and efficacy. Pharmacokinetic evaluation indicates a pattern of biodistribution consistent with fairly rapid dissociation and uptake, binding to serum transferrin for systemic circulation and transport to tissues, with preferential uptake in bone. These bis-ligand oxovanadium(IV) (VOL2) compounds have a clear advantage over inorganic vanadyl sulfate in terms of bioavailability and pharmaceutical efficacy. BEOV has now completed Phase I and has advanced to Phase II clinical trials. In the Phase I trial, a ran-e of doses horn 10 mg, to 90 mg BEOV, given orally to non-diabetic volunteers, resulted in no adverse effects, all biochemical parameters remained within normal limits. In the Phase IIa trial, BEOV (AKP-020). 20 mg, daily for 28 clays, per os, in seven type 2 diabetic Subjects, was associated with reductions in fasting blood and glucose and \%HbA1c; improved responses to oral glucose tolerance testing, versus, the observed worsening of diabetic symptoms in the two placebo controls. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {BIODISTRIBUTION, bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV), BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), CHEMISTRY, Diabetes mellitus, IN-VIVO, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, MALTOL, METAL-COMPLEXES, RATS, SERUM, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, SULFATE, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000264904400011},
	author = {Thompson, K. H. and Lichter, J. and Lebel, C. and Scaife, M. C. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {784,
	title = {Chronic glucose-lowering effects of rosiglitazone and bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) in ZDF rats},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology},
	volume = {81},
	number = {11},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 749AHTimes Cited: 3Cited Reference Count: 47},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1049-1055},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The aim of this study was to determine if there was a synergistic or additive effect of a thiazolidinedione derivative (rosiglitazone (ROS)) and a vanadium compound (bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BEOV)) on plasma glucose and insulin levels following chronic oral administration to Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Whole-blood vanadium levels were determined at time 0 and at days 1, 6, and 18. The doses of BEOV (0.1 mmol/kg) and ROS (2.8 mumol/kg) were selected to produce a glucose-lowering effect in 30\% (ED30) of animals. Both drugs were administered daily by oral gavage as suspensions in 1\% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a volume of 2.5 mL/kg. The total volume administered to all rats was 5 mL/(kg-day). The combination of BEOV and ROS was effective in lowering plasma glucose levels to <9 mmol/L in 60\% of fatty animals as compared with 30\% for BEOV and 10\% for ROS alone. The age-dependent decrease in plasma insulin levels associated with \&beta;-cell failure in the ZDF rats did not occur in the BEOV-treated fatty groups. There was no effect of any treatment on body weight; however, there was a significant reduction in both food and fluid intake in fatty groups treated with BEOV. There were no overt signs of toxicity and no mortality in this study. Both BEOV and ROS were effective in lowering plasma glucose levels, as stated above, and there was at least an additive effect when BEOV and ROS were used in combination.},
	keywords = {ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA, bis(ethylmaltolato)oxovanadium(IV), diabetes, GLUT4, IN-VIVO, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, ORAL VANADYL, PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE-CARBOXYKINASE, RATS, rosigitazone, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS, TRANSLOCATION, VANADYL SULFATE, ZDF rats, ZUCKER FATTY},
	isbn = {0008-4212},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000186896100007},
	author = {Yuen, V. G. and Bhanot, S. and Battell, M. L. and Orvig, Chris and McNeill, J. H.}
}
@article {4168,
	title = {Effects of bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) are distinct from food restriction in STZ-diabetic rats},
	journal = {American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism},
	volume = {272},
	number = {1},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: WG568Times Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 39},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {E30-E35},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In association with the insulin-mimetic properties, vanadium and related compounds have been shown to normalize hyperphagia associated with diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of an organic vanadium compound, bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV), vs. food restriction on the metabolic abnormalities that occur in diabetes. BMOV was administered daily in drinking water to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats for 6 wk. Pair-fed groups were fed based on the intake for their respective counterparts from the previous day. Plasma parameters mere measured weekly after a carefully controlled 5-h fasting period. BMOV reduced plasma glucose (diabetic = 31.2 +/- 1.9, diabetic treated = 10.2 +/- 1.8, and diabetic pair fed = 34.2 +/- 1.1 mM), triglyceride, and cholesterol levels to normal without a concomitant increase in plasma insulin levels. There was no body weight gain in the diabetic pair-fed group compared with all other groups. BMOV but not pair feeding was effective in preventing the decreased cardiac function observed in STZ-diabetic rats. These data suggest that the glucose-lowering properties of BMOV are independent of the effects of dietary restriction and reinforce the efficacy of BMOV as an effective antihyperglycemic agent.},
	keywords = {diabetes, FA/FA, GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS, glucose-lowering effect, HYPERINSULINEMIA, IN-VIVO, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, LONG-TERM IMPROVEMENT, MELLITUS, ORAL VANADATE, RATS, SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS, STREPTOZOTOCIN, SULFATE, VANADYL},
	isbn = {0193-1849},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997WG56800005},
	author = {Yuen, V. G. and Orvig, Chris and McNeill, J. H.}
}
