@article {1176,
	title = {New insights into the interactions of serum proteins with bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV): Transport and biotransformation of insulin-enhancing vanadium pharmaceuticals},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {127},
	number = {14},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 914LQTimes Cited: 39Cited Reference Count: 66},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {5104-5115},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Significant new insights into the interactions of the potent insulin-enhancing compound bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) with the serum proteins, apo-transferrin and albumin, are presented. Identical reaction products are observed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with either BMOV or vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4) in solutions of human serum apo-transferrin. Further detailed study rules out the presence of a ternary ligand-vanadyl-transferrin complex proposed previously. By contrast, differences in reaction products are observed for the interactions of BMOV and VOSO4 with human serum albumin (HSA), wherein adduct formation between albumin and BMOV is detected. In BMOV-albumin solutions, vanadyl ions are bound in a unique manner not observed in comparable solutions Of VOSO4 and albumin. Presentation of chelated vanadyl ions precludes binding at the numerous nonspecific sites and produces a unique EPR spectrum which is assigned to a BMOV-HSA adduct. The adduct species cannot be produced, however, from a solution Of VOSO4 and HSA titrated with maltol. Addition of maltol to a VOSO4-HSA solution instead results in formation of a different end product which has been assigned as a ternary complex, VO(ma)(HSA). Furthermore, analysis of solution equilibria using a model system of BMOV with 1-methylimidazole (formation constant log K = 4.5(1), by difference electronic absorption spectroscopy) lends support to an adduct binding mode (VO(ma)(2)-HSA) proposed herein for BMOV and HSA. This detailed report of an in vitro reactivity difference between VOSO4 and BMOV may have bearing on the form of active vanadium metabolites delivered to target tissues. Albumin binding of vanadium chelates is seen to have a potentially dramatic effect on pharmacokinetics, transport, and efficacy of these antidiabetic chelates.},
	keywords = {BINDING CONSTANTS, COMPLEXES, DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS, ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE, HUMAN SEROTRANSFERRIN, IN-VIVO, IRON REMOVAL, METALLOKINETIC ANALYSIS, MIMETIC AGENT, TRANSFERRIN},
	isbn = {0002-7863},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000228229600036},
	author = {Liboiron, B. D. and Thompson, K. H. and Hanson, G. R. and Lam, E. and Aebischer, N. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {508,
	title = {Reduction of [VO2(ma)(2)](-) and [VO2(ema)(2)](-) by ascorbic acid and glutathione: Kinetic studies of pro-drugs for the enhancement of insulin action},
	journal = {Inorganic Chemistry},
	volume = {41},
	number = {6},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 532TZTimes Cited: 38Cited Reference Count: 31},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {1357-1364},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{To shed light on the role of V(V) complexes as pro-drugs for theirV(IV) analogues, the kinetics of the reduction reactions of [VO2(ma)(2)](-) or [VO2(ema)(2)](-) (Hma = maltol},
	keywords = {AGENT BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV) BMOV, CHEMISTRY, COMPLEXES, DIABETIC RATS, GLUCOSE-LOWERING PROPERTIES, LIGANDS, MIMETIC AGENT, SULFATE, VANADATE, VANADIUM COMPOUNDS},
	isbn = {0020-1669},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000174492300008},
	author = {Song, B. and Aebischer, N. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4683,
	title = {Vanadium compounds as insulin mimics},
	journal = {Chemical Reviews},
	volume = {99},
	number = {9},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 235XUTimes Cited: 376Cited Reference Count: 124},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {2561-2571},
	type = {Review},
	keywords = {AGENT BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV) BMOV, BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS, COMPOUNDS, GLUCOSE-METABOLISM, IN-VIVO, MIMETIC AGENT, OXIDATIVE STRESS, PEROXOVANADIUM, PHOSPHOTYROSINE PHOSPHATASE INHIBITORS, STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS, TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION},
	isbn = {0009-2665},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000082569800015},
	author = {Thompson, K. H. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {4706,
	title = {Vanadyl-biguanide complexes as potential synergistic insulin mimics},
	journal = {Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry},
	volume = {76},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 262ZHTimes Cited: 65Cited Reference Count: 27},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {251-257},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Vanadium has well-documented blood-glucose-lowering properties both in vitro and in vivo. The design of new oxovanadium(IV) coordination compounds, intended for use as insulin-enhancing agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, can potentially benefit from a synergistic approach, in which the whole complex has more than an additive effect from its component parts. Biguanides, most importantly metformin, are oral hypoglycemic agents used today to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, biguanide, metformin, and phenformin, all biguanides, were coordinated to oxovanadium(IV) to form potential insulin-enhancing compounds. Highly colored, air-stable, bis(biguanidato)oxovanadium(IV), [VO(big)(2)], bis(N{\textquoteright},N{\textquoteright}-dimethylbiguanidato)oxovanadium(IV) [VO(metf)(2)], and bis(beta-phenethyl-biguanidato)oxovanadium(IV), [VO(phenf)(2)], were prepared. Solvation with dimethylsulfoxide occurred with VO(metf)(2) to form a six-coordinate complex. Precursor ligands and oxovanadium(IV) coordination complexes were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, and, where appropriate, H-1 NMR spectroscopy. Biological testing with VO(metf)(2), a representative compound, for insulin-enhancing potential included acute (72 h) administration, both by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and by oral gavage (p.o,) in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. VO(metf)(2) administration resulted in significant blood-glucose lowering at doses of 0.12 mmol kg(-1) i.p. and 0.60 mmol kg(-1) p.o. (previously established as ED50 doses for organically chelated oxovanadium(IV) complexes); however, no positive associative effects due to the presence of biguanide in the complex were apparent. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {biguanide, BIS(MALTOLATO)OXOVANADIUM(IV), BMOV, coordination complex, GLUCOSE-LOWERING PROPERTIES, insulin mimic, MECHANISM, METFORMIN, MIMETIC AGENT, MUSCLE, RATS, VANADIUM},
	isbn = {0162-0134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000084097800010},
	author = {Woo, L. C. Y. and Yuen, V. G. and Thompson, K. H. and McNeill, J. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
