@article {363,
	title = {Two-dimensional (2D) pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance study of VO2+-triphosphate interactions: Evidence for tridentate triphosphate coordination, and relevance to bone uptake and insulin enhancement by vanadium pharmaceuticals},
	journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
	volume = {124},
	number = {12},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 533GFTimes Cited: 35Cited Reference Count: 59},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {2969-2978},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Two- and four-pulse electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) and four-pulse two-dimensional hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectroscopies have been used to determine the solution structure of a 3:1 triphosphate:vanadyl solution at pH 5.0. Limited quantitative data were extracted from the two pulse spectra; however, HYSCORE proved to be more useful in the detection and interpretation of the P-31 and H-1 couplings. Three sets of cross-peaks were observed for each nucleus. For the P-31 couplings, three sets of cross-peaks were observed in the HYSCORE spectrum, and contour line shape analysis yielded coupling constants of approximately 15, 9, and 1 MHz. HYSCORE cross-peaks in the proton region were partially overlapping; however, interpretation of the proton coupling was simplified through the use of one-dimensional four-pulse ESEEM and subsequent analysis of the sum combination peaks. Comparison of the derived isotropic and anisotropic coupling constants with results from earlier ESEEM and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) studies was consistent with the presence of at least one, and most likely two, water molecules coordinated in the equatorial plane of the vanadyl cation. The vanadyl-triphosphate system was shown to be an accurate model of the in vivo vanadyl-phosphate coupling constants determined in an earlier study (Dikanov, S. A.; Liboiron, B. D.; Thompson, K. H.; Vera, E.; Yuen, V. G.; McNeill, J. H.; Orvig, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121,11004.) Comparison of these values to those found in previous spectroscopic studies of vanadyl-triphosphate interactions, along with a detailed structural interpretation, are presented, This work represents the first detection of tridentate polyphosphate coordination to the vanadyl ion, and the first observation of an axial phosphate interaction not previously reported in earlier ENDOR and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance studies.},
	keywords = {AQUEOUS-SOLUTION, DIABETES-MELLITUS, DISORDERED-SYSTEMS, ECHO ENVELOPE MODULATION, HYSCORE SPECTROSCOPY, {2-DIMENSIONAL ESEEM},
	isbn = {0002-7863},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000174520500030},
	author = {Dikanov, S. A. and Liboiron, B. D. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {5209,
	title = {Coordination chemistry of vanadium in metallopharmaceutical candidate compounds},
	journal = {Coordination Chemistry Reviews},
	volume = {219},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 478JQTimes Cited: 138Cited Reference Count: 119},
	month = {Sep-Oct},
	pages = {1033-1053},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {The discovery of vanadium{\textquoteright}s insulin-like behaviour in vitro, and later of the orally available glucose- and lipid-lowering capability of these same compounds in vivo, has stimulated renewed interest in vanadium coordination chemistry. Besides the anti-diabetic effects for which it is now so well known, vanadium also exhibits a number of other therapeutic effects including anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, emphasis will be on the most recent developments in the coordination chemistry of vanadium(III), (IV) and (V), as related to development of these compounds for pharmaceutical use. How best to measure bioactivity and the pharmaceutical relevance of accompanying increased oxidative stress will also be considered. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {bioactivity, BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY, CANCER, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, Diabetes mellitus, DIABETES-MELLITUS, ESEEM, INSULIN-LIKE ACTIVITIES, OXIDATIVE STRESS, OXOVANADIUM(IV) COMPLEXES, OXYGEN-BRIDGED DIMER, PEROXO HETEROLIGAND VANADATES(V), pharmaceutical agents, RAY, SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES, structure-activity relationships, TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION, vanadium complexes},
	isbn = {0010-8545},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000171343600035},
	author = {Thompson, K. H. and Orvig, Chris}
}
@article {5045,
	title = {Determination of trivalent methylated arsenicals in biological matrices},
	journal = {Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology},
	volume = {174},
	number = {3},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 464KTTimes Cited: 129Cited Reference Count: 67},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {282-293},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The enzymatically catalyzed oxidative methylation of As yields methylated arsenicals that contain pentavalent As (As-V). Because trivalent As (As-III) is the favored substrate for this methyltransferase, methylated arsenicals containing As-V are reduced to trivalency in cells. Methylated arsenicals that contain As-III are extremely potent inhibitors of NADPH-dependent flavoprotein oxidoreductases and potent cytotoxins in many cell types. Therefore, the formation of methylated arsenicals that contain As-III may be properly regarded as an activation step, rather than a means of detoxification. Recognition of the role of methylated arsenicals that contain As-III in the toxicity and metabolism of As emphasizes the need for analytical methods to detect and quantify these species in biological samples. Hence, a method was developed to exploit pH-dependent differences in the generation of arsines from inorganic and methylated arsenicals that contain either As-V or As-III. Reduction with borohydride at pH 6 generated arsines from inorganic As-III, methyl As-III, and dimethyl As-III, but not from inorganic As-V, methyl As-V, and dimethyl As-V. Reduction with borohydride at pH 2 or lower generated arsines from arsenicals that contained either As-V or As-III. Arsines are trapped in a liquid nitrogen-cooled gas chromatographic trap, which is subsequently warmed to allow separation of the hydrides by their boiling points. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry is used to detect and quantify the arsines. The detection limits (ng As ml(-1)) for inorganic As-III, methyl As-III, and dimethyl As-III are 1.1, 1.2, and 6.5, respectively. This method has been applied to the analysis of arsenicals in water, human urine, and cultured cells. Both methyl As-III. and dimethyl As-III are detected in urine samples from individuals who chronically consumed inorganic As-contaminated water and in human cells exposed in vitro to inorganic As-III. The reliable quantitation of inorganic and methylated arsenicals that contain As-III. in biological samples will aid the study of the toxicity of these species and may provide a new biomarker of the effects of chronic exposure to As. (C) 2001 Academic Press.},
	keywords = {analysis, arsenic, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, biological matrices, CANCER MORTALITY, DIABETES-MELLITUS, DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID, DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRINKING-WATER, ENZYMATIC, HUMAN URINE, HYDRIDE GENERATION, MAMMALIAN SYSTEMS, MASS-SPECTROMETRY, METABOLISM, methylated arsenic, METHYLATION, MONOMETHYLARSONOUS ACID MMA(III), pentavalent arsenic, STABILITY, TOXICITY, trivalent arsenic},
	isbn = {0041-008X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000170532300010},
	author = {Del Razo, L. M. and Styblo, M. and Cullen, W. R. and Thomas, D. J.}
}
@article {4839,
	title = {Detection of red cell aggregation by low shear rate viscometry in whole blood with elevated plasma viscosity},
	journal = {Biorheology},
	volume = {37},
	number = {3},
	year = {2000},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 334CTTimes Cited: 7Cited Reference Count: 26},
	pages = {225-237},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The viscosity of whole blood measured at low shear rates is determined partly by shear resistance of the red cell aggregates present, stronger aggregation increasing the viscosity in the absence of other changes. Effects of cell deformability can confound interpretation and comparison in terms of aggregation, however, particularly when the plasma viscosity is high. We illustrate the problem with a comparison of hematocrit-adjusted blood from type 1 diabetes patients and controls in which it is found the apparent and relative viscosities at a true shear rate of 0.20 s(-1) are lower in the patient samples than age matched controls, in spite of reports that aggregation is increased in such populations. Because the plasma viscosities of the patients were higher on average than controls, we performed a series of experiments to examine the effect of plasma protein concentration and viscosity on normal blood viscosity. Dilution or concentration by ultrafiltration of autologous plasma and viscosity measurements at low shear on constant hematocrit red cell suspensions showed (a) suspension viscosity at 0.25 and 3 s(-1) increased monotonically with plasma protein concentration and viscosity but (b) the relative viscosity increased, in concert with the microscopic aggregation grade, up to a viscosity of approximately 1.25 mPa-s but above this the value the relative viscosity no longer increased as the degree of aggregation increased in concentrated plasmas. It is suggested that in order to reduce cell deformation effects in hyperviscous pathological plasmas, patient and control plasmas should be systematically diluted before hematocrit is adjusted and rheological measurements are made. True shear rates should be calculated. Comparison of relative viscosities at low true shear rates appears to allow the effects of red cell aggregation to be distinguished by variable shear rate viscometry in clinical blood samples.},
	keywords = {DIABETES-MELLITUS, FLOW BEHAVIOR, INCREASED ERYTHROCYTE AGGREGATION},
	isbn = {0006-355X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000088168300004},
	author = {Janzen, J. and Elliott, T. G. and Carter, C. J. and Brooks, D. E.}
}
