@article {2402,
	title = {LINEAR QUADRUPOLES IN MASS SPECTROMETRY},
	journal = {Mass Spectrometry Reviews},
	volume = {28},
	number = {6},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 515CWTimes Cited: 5Cited Reference Count: 145Douglas, D. J.},
	month = {Nov-Dec},
	pages = {937-960},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {The use of linear quadrupoles in mass spectrometry as mass filters and ion guides is reviewed. Following a tutorial review of the principles of mass filter operation, methods of mass analysis are reviewed. Discussed are extensions of quadrupole mass filters to higher masses, scanning with frequency sweeps of the quadrupole waveform, operation in higher stability regions, and operation with rectangular or other periodic waveforms. Two relatively new methods of mass analysis the use of "islands of stability" and "mass selective axial ejection" are then reviewed. The optimal electrode geometry for a quadrupole mass filter constructed with round rods is discussed. The use of collisional cooling in quadrupole ion guides is discussed along with ion guides that have axial fields. Finally, mass analysis with quadrupoles that have large distortions to the geometry and fields is discussed. An Appendix gives a brief tutorial review of definitions of electrical potentials and fields, as well as the units used in this article. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:937-960, 2009},
	keywords = {2ND STABILITY REGION, axial fields, AXIAL-FIELD, CHARGED-PARTICLE, COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION, distorted fields, FRINGING FIELDS, ion guide, ION OPTICAL-PROPERTIES, linear, mass filter, mass scans, multipoles, OCTOPOLE FIELDS, QUADRUPOLE, quadrupole excitation, RADIO-FREQUENCY, RESOLUTION, SEPARATION MODE, STABILITY, TRAJECTORIES, VOLTAGE COMPONENT},
	isbn = {0277-7037},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000271445200005},
	author = {Douglas, D. J.}
}
@article {4912,
	title = {Ionization of Mg and Cd in an atmospheric pressure parallel plate capacitively coupled plasma},
	journal = {Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry},
	volume = {15},
	number = {10},
	year = {2000},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 359YJTimes Cited: 13Cited Reference Count: 45},
	pages = {1313-1319},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The degree of ionization for Mg and Cd vaporized into a parallel plate capacitively coupled plasma (PP-CCP) has been studied. Using electrothermal vaporization and a CCP operating at 200 W, the degree of ionization is 83\% and 48\% for Mg and Cd, respectively. An increase in applied power increases the degree of ionization. Changes in plasma gas flow rate, up to 1.0 l min(-1), also change the degree of ionization slightly, probably due to mass transport effects and slight changes in the discharge conditions. Additions of EIE (Na as NaNO3) up to 10 times (w/w) the analyte increase the degree of ionization slightly.},
	keywords = {ANALYTE IONIZATION, ATOMIC-EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY, ATOMIZATION, CHARGE-TRANSFER REACTIONS, EASILY, EASILY IONIZED ELEMENTS, EXCITATION, HELIUM PLASMAS, IONIZABLE ELEMENT, MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA, RADIO-FREQUENCY},
	isbn = {0267-9477},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000089639400004},
	author = {Rahman, M. M. and Blades, M. W.}
}
