@article {2525,
	title = {Detection and assignment of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues by C-13-P-31 spin-echo difference NMR spectroscopy},
	journal = {Journal of Biomolecular Nmr},
	volume = {43},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 379QKTimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 31McIntosh, Lawrence P. Kang, Hyun-Seo Okon, Mark Nelson, Mary L. Graves, Barbara J. Brutscher, Bernhard},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {31-37},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A simple NMR method is presented for the identification and assignment of phosphorylated serine and threonine residues in C-13- or C-13/N-15-labeled proteins. By exploiting modest (similar to 5 Hz) 2- and 3-bond C-13-P-31 scalar couplings, the aliphatic H-1-C-13 signals from phosphoserines and phosphothreonines can be detected selectively in a P-31 spin-echo difference constant time H-1-C-13 HSQC spectrum. Inclusion of the same P-31 spin-echo element within the C-13 frequency editing period of an intraHNCA or HN(CO)CA experiment allows identification of the amide H-1(N) and N-15 signals of residues (i) for which C-13(alpha)(i) or C-13(alpha)(i - 1), respectively, are coupled to a phosphate. Furthermore, P-31 resonance assignments can be obtained by applying selective low power cw P-31 decoupling during the spin-echo period. The approach is demonstrated using a PNT domain containing fragment of the transcription factor Ets-1, phosphorylated in vitro at Thr38 and Ser41 with the MAP kinase ERK2.},
	keywords = {ASSIGNMENT, CENTER-DOT-OP, CONSTANT-TIME, Ets-1, MAP kinase, NUCLEIC-ACIDS, OP HYDROGEN-BONDS, P-31-C-13 scalar coupling, Phosphoprotein, PHOSPHORYLATION, POINTED DOMAIN, PROTEIN, QUANTITATIVE J-CORRELATION, RESONANCE, SCALAR COUPLINGS, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR},
	isbn = {0925-2738},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000261411100004},
	author = {McIntosh, L. P. and Kang, H. S. and Okon, M. and Nelson, M. L. and Graves, B. J. and Brutscher, B.}
}
@article {2648,
	title = {Implementation of a data repository-driven approach for targeted proteomics experiments by multiple reaction monitoring},
	journal = {Journal of Proteomics},
	volume = {72},
	number = {5},
	year = {2009},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 478RATimes Cited: 5Cited Reference Count: 30Walsh, Geraldine M. Lin, Shujun Evans, Daniel M. Khosrovi-Eghbal, Arash Beavis, Ronald C. Kast, Juergen},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {838-852},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), commonly employed for the mass spectrometric detection of small molecules, is rapidly gaining ground in proteomics. Its high sensitivity and specificity makes this targeted approach particularly useful when sample throughput or proteome coverage limits global studies. Existing tools to design MRM assays rely exclusively on theoretical predictions, or combine them with previous observations on the same type of sample. The additional mass spectrometric experimentation this requires can pose significant demands on time and material. To overcome these challenges, a new MRM worksheet was introduced into The Global Proteome Machine database (GPMDB) that provided all of the information needed to design MRM transitions based solely on archived observations made by other researchers in previous experiments. This required replacing the precursor ion intensity by the number of peptide observations, which proved to be an adequate substitute if peptides did not occur in multiple forms. While the absence of collision energy information proved largely inconsequential, successful prediction of unique transitions depended on the type of fragment ion involved. The design of MRM assays for iTRAQ-labeled tryptic peptides obtained from human platelet proteins demonstrated the usefulness of the MRM worksheet also for quantitative applications. This workflow, which relies exclusively on experimental observations stored in data repositories, therefore represents an attractive alternative for the prediction of MRM transitions prior to experimental validation and optimization. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ABSOLUTE, Data repository, HIGH-SENSITIVITY, LIBRARIES, Multiple reaction monitoring, PEPTIDES, PHOSPHORYLATION, PLASMA-PROTEINS, PLATELETS, PREDICTION, PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION, PROTEOMICS, QUANTIFICATION, SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS, Tandem mass spectrometry, TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY, Targeted},
	isbn = {1874-3919},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000268604400013},
	author = {Walsh, G. M. and Lin, S. and Evans, D. M. and Khosrovi-Eghbal, A. and Beavis, R. C. and Kast, J.}
}
@article {2277,
	title = {Phosphorylation of U24 from Human Herpes Virus type 6 (HHV-6) and its potential role in mimicking myelin basic protein (MBP) in multiple sclerosis},
	journal = {Febs Letters},
	volume = {582},
	number = {18},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 332UKTimes Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 31Tait, Andrew R. Straus, Suzana K.},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {2685-2688},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Myelin basic protein (MBP) from multiple sclerosis ( MS) patients contains lower levels of phosphorylation at Thr97 than normal individuals. The significance of phosphorylation at this site is not fully understood, but it is proposed to play a role in the normal functioning of MBP. Human Herpesvirus Type 6 encodes the protein U24, which has tentatively been implicated in the pathology of MS. U24 shares a 7 amino acid stretch encompassing the Thr97 phosphorylation site of MBP: PRTPPPS. We demonstrate using a combination of mass spectrometry, thin layer chromatography and autoradiography, that U24 can be phosphorylated at the equivalent threonine. Phospho-U24 may confound signalling or other pathways in which phosphorylated MBP may participate, precipitating a pathological process.},
	keywords = {BINDING, EXPRESSION, HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-6, IDENTIFICATION, KINASE, MEMBRANE MICRODOMAINS, mimicry, myelin, PHOSPHORYLATION, POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, SITE, T-ANTIGEN, U24},
	isbn = {0014-5793},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000258108400002},
	author = {Tait, A. R. and Straus, S. K.}
}
@article {1413,
	title = {Mass spectrometric characterization of lipid-modified peptides for the analysis of acylated proteins},
	journal = {Journal of Mass Spectrometry},
	volume = {41},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 016BVTimes Cited: 13Cited Reference Count: 45},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {229-241},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The analysis of acylated proteins by mass spectrometry (MS) has largely been overshadowed in proteomics by the analysis of glycosylated and phosphorylated proteins; however, lipid modifications on proteins are proving to be of increasing importance in biomedical research. In order to identify the marker ions and/or neutral loss fragments that are produced upon collision-induced dissociation, providing a means to identify the common lipid modifications on proteins, peptides containing an N-terminally myristoylated glycine, a palmitoylated cysteine and a farnesylated cysteine were chemically synthesized. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF), electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI Q-TOF), and electrospray ionization hybrid triple-quadrupole/linear ion trap (ESI QqQ(LIT)) mass spectrometers were used for the analysis. The peptide containing the N-terminally myristoylated glycine, upon CID, produced the characteristic fragments a(1) (240.4 Th) and b(1) (268.4 Th) ions as well as a low-intensity neutral loss of 210 Da (C14H26O). The peptides containing a farnesylated cysteine residue fragmented to produce a marker ion at a m/z of 205 Th (C15H25) as well as other intense farnesyl fragment ions, and a neutral loss of 204 Da (C15H24). The peptides containing a palmitoylated cysteine moiety generated neutral losses of 238 Da (C16H30O) and 272 Da (C16H32OS); however, no marker ions were produced. The neutral losses were more prominent in the MALDI-TOF-TOF spectra, whereas the marker ions were more abundant in the ESI QqQ(LIT) and Q-TOF mass spectra. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {ACID, ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION, farnesylation, IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1, marker ion, MATRIX PROTEIN, MEMBRANE ASSOCIATION, myristoylation, N-MYRISTOYLATION, neutral loss, palmitoylation, PHOSPHORYLATION, POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, PRENYLATED, PROTEINS},
	isbn = {1076-5174},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000235596500011},
	author = {Hoffman, M. D. and Kast, J.}
}
@article {1233,
	title = {Variable control of Ets-1 DNA binding by multiple phosphates in an unstructured region},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {309},
	number = {5731},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 941KDTimes Cited: 66Cited Reference Count: 30},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {142-145},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Cell signaling that culminates in posttranslational modifications directs protein activity. Here we report how multiple Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation sites within the transcription activator Ets-1 act additively to produce graded DNA binding affinity. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses show that phosphorylation shifts Ets-1 from a dynamic conformation poised to bind DNA to a well-folded inhibited state. These phosphates lie in an unstructured flexible region that functions as the allosteric effector of autoinhibition. Variable phosphorylation thus serves as a "rheostat" for cell signaling to fine-tune transcription at the level of DNA binding.},
	keywords = {allosteric regulation, AUTOINHIBITION, DOMAIN, DYNAMICS, NMR-SPECTROSCOPY, PHOSPHORYLATION, PROTEIN, SITES, TRANSACTIVATION, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NFAT1},
	isbn = {0036-8075},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000230212800079},
	author = {Pufall, M. A. and Lee, G. M. and Nelson, M. L. and Kang, H. S. and Velyvis, A. and Kay, L. E. and McIntosh, L. P. and Graves, B. J.}
}
@article {896,
	title = {Inhibition of Chk1 by the G(2) DNA damage checkpoint inhibitor isogranulatimide},
	journal = {Molecular Cancer Therapeutics},
	volume = {3},
	number = {10},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 862KBTimes Cited: 40Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {1221-1227},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Inhibitors of the G(2) DNA damage checkpoint can selectively sensitize cancer cells with mutated p53 to killing by DNA-damaging agents. Isogranulatimide is a G2 checkpoint inhibitor containing a unique indole/maleimide/ imidazole skeleton identified in a phenotypic cell-based screen; however, the mechanism of action of isogranulatimide is unknown. Using natural and synthetic isogranulatimide analogues, we show that the imide nitrogen and a basic nitrogen at position 14 or 15 in the imidazole ring are important for checkpoint inhibition. Isogranulatimide shows structural resemblance to the aglycon of UCN-01, a potent bisindolemaleimide inhibitor of protein kinase Cbeta (IC50, 0.001 mumol/L) and of the checkpoint kinase Chk1 (IC50, 0.007 mumol/L). In vitro kinase assays show that isogranulatimide inhibits Chk1 (IC50, 0.1 mumol/L) but not protein kinase Cbeta. Of 13 additional protein kinases tested, isogranulatimide significantly inhibits only glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (IC50, 0.5 mumol/L). We determined the crystal structure of the Chk1 catalytic domain complexed with isogranulatimicle. Like UCN-01, isogranulatimide binds in the ATP-binding pocket of Chk1 and hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl oxygen of Glu(85) and the amide nitrogen Of Cys(87). Unlike UCN-01, the basic N15 of isogranulatimide interacts with Glu(17), causing a conformation change in the kinase glycine-rich loop that may contribute importantly to inhibition. The mechanism by which isogranulatimide inhibits Chk1 and its favorable kinase selectivity profile make it a promising candidate for modulating checkpoint responses in tumors for therapeutic benefit.},
	keywords = {7-HYDROXYSTAUROSPORINE UCN-01, ACTIVATION, CANCER, CELL-CYCLE, DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE, IDENTIFICATION, MECHANISMS, PHOSPHORYLATION, SPECIFICITY, SUBSTRATE},
	isbn = {1535-7163},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000224488400006},
	author = {Jiang, X. X. and Zhao, B. G. and Britton, R. and Lim, L. Y. and Leong, D. and Sanghera, J. S. and Zhou, B. B. S. and Piers, E. and Andersen, R. J. and Roberge, M.}
}
@article {499,
	title = {Effects of diabetes, vanadium, and insulin on glycogen synthase activation in Wistar rats},
	journal = {Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry},
	volume = {231},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 527LATimes Cited: 21Cited Reference Count: 51},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {23-35},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {In vivo effects of insulin and vanadium treatment on glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) activity were determined in Wistar rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The skeletal muscle was freeze-clamped before or following an insulin injection (5 U/kg i.v.). Diabetes, vanadium, and insulin in vivo treatment did not affect muscle GSK-3beta activity as compared to controls. Following insulin stimulation in 4-week STZ-diabetic rats muscle GS fractional activity (GSFA) was increased 3 fold (p < 0.05), while in 7-week diabetic rats it remained unchanged, suggesting development of insulin resistance in longer term diabetes. Muscle PP1 activity was increased in diabetic rats and returned to normal after vanadium treatment, while muscle GSFA remained unchanged. Therefore, it is possible that PP1 is involved in the regulation of some other cellular events of vanadium (other than regulation of glycogen synthesis). The lack of effect of vanadium treatment in stimulating glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle suggests the involvement of other metabolic pathways in the observed glucoregulatory effect of vanadium.},
	keywords = {BLOOD-GLUCOSE, GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT, glycogen, IN-VITRO, insulin resistance, MELLITUS, MOLECULAR MECHANISM, PHOSPHORYLATION, PROTEIN-KINASE-B, RABBIT SKELETAL-MUSCLE, S6 KINASE, serine/threonine kinases and phosphatases, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, SYNTHESIS, VANADATE},
	isbn = {0300-8177},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000174186500004},
	author = {Semiz, S. and Orvig, Chris and McNeill, J. H.}
}
@article {3640,
	title = {Molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction of motuporin and microycystins with type-1 and type-2A protein phosphatases},
	journal = {Biochemistry and Cell Biology-Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire},
	volume = {74},
	number = {4},
	year = {1996},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: VX367Times Cited: 61Cited Reference Count: 35},
	pages = {569-578},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Heptapeptide microcystin and pentapeptide motuporin (nodularin-V) are equipotent inhibitors of type-1 and type-2A protein phosphatase catalytic subunits (PP-1c and PP-2Ac). Herein we describe elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of these structurally similar hepatotoxins with PP-1c/PP-2Ac and identification of an important functional difference between their mode of interaction with these enzymes. Microcystin-LR, microcystin-LA and microcystin-LL were found to interact with PP-2Ac and PP-1c by a two-step mechanism involving rapid binding and inactivation of the protein phosphatase (PPase) catalytic subunit, followed by a slower covalent interaction (within hours). Covalent adducts comprising PPase-toxin complexes were separated from free PPase by C-18 reverse-phase liquid chromatography, thus allowing the time course of covalent adduct formation to be quantitated. In contrast to microcystins, motuporin (nodularin-V) and nodularin-R were unable to form covalent complexes with either PP-1c or PP-2Ac even after 96 h incubation. Specific reduction of microcystin-LA to dihydromicrocystin-LA abolished the ability of the toxin to form a covalent adduct with PP-2Ac. Specific methyl esterification of the single Glu residue in microcystin-LR rendered this toxin inactive as a PPase inhibitor and abolished subsequent formation of a covalent adduct. Our data indicate that inactivation of PP-2Ac/PP-1c by microcystins precedes covalent modification of the PPases via a Michael addition reaction between a nucleophilic phosphatase residue and Mdha in the heptapeptide toxin. In contrast, following rapid inactivation of PP-2Ac/PP-1c by motuporin, the equivalent N-methyldehydrobutyrine residue in this toxin is unreactive and does not form a covalent bond with the PPases. These results are consistent with structural data for (i) the NMR solution structures of microcystin-LR and motuporin, which indicate a striking difference in the relative positions of their corresponding dehydroamino acids in the toxin peptide backbone, and (ii) X-ray crystallographic data on an inactive complex between PP-1c and microcystin-LR, which show a covalent bond between Cys-273 and the bound toxin.},
	keywords = {BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE, CATALYTIC SUBUNIT, cyanobacteria, IDENTIFICATION, MICROCYSTIN-LR, microcystins, motuporin, nodularin, OKADAIC ACID, PHOSPHORYLATION, POTENT INHIBITOR, PROTEIN, PROTEIN PHOSPHATASES, RAT-LIVER, TOXINS},
	isbn = {0829-8211},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1996VX36700017},
	author = {Craig, M. and Luu, H. A. and McCready, T. L. and Williams, D. and Andersen, R. J. and Holmes, C. F. B.}
}
