@article {4534,
	title = {Methylated bismuth in the environment},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {13},
	number = {10},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 243BTTimes Cited: 24Cited Reference Count: 424th International Conference on Biological and Environmental Aspects of Main Group OrganometallicsJUN, 1998ODENSE, DENMARK},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {739-748},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {Biomethylation of metals and metalloids of Group 14 and 15 metals such as tin, lead and arsenic takes place in the environment, but information about methylated bismuth compounds is rather limited, although bismuth compounds are used widely in alloys, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products, Cryotrapping gas chromatography and hydride generation gas chromatography coupled with an ICP-MS as a bismuth-selective detector were used to determine volatile bismuth compounds in landfill and in sewage gas, as well as non-volatile methylated compounds in water and sediment samples, One volatile bismuth compound could be determined in gaseous samples; it was identified as Me3Bi (TMB) by element-specific detection (ICP-MS, m/z 209), matching the retention time with a TMB standard. The molecular structure was recently confirmed by gas-chromatographic fractionation with MS-ion trap detection (electron impact), Among other volatile metal compounds, TMB is a major component in the gases of sewage sludge digesters: concentrations of up to 25 mu g m(-3) have been measured at eight sewage treatment plants, The concentration in landfill gas was approximately one order of magnitude lower. In laboratory experiments, fermenters containing an anaerobic culture from a clean pond sludge were mixed with contaminated soil from four different industrial areas, After an incubation time of two weeks at 30 degrees C in the dark, TMB was detected in the headspace of all the samples, The volatilization rate of bismuth did mot correlate with the total amount of bismuth: in the sediments or with the available fraction after acid digestion following hydride generation. Some evidence was obtained for the occurrence of methylated bismuth compounds in water samples and in sediments, Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {ABSORPTION, BIOMETHYLATION, BISMUTH, deposits, GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY, ICP-MS, landfill gas, PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY, sewage gas, SPECIATION, VOLATILE METAL, WASTE},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000082977800010},
	author = {Feldmann, J. and Krupp, E. M. and Glindemann, D. and Hirner, A. V. and Cullen, W. R.}
}
@article {4255,
	title = {Complementary use of capillary gas chromatography mass spectrometry (ion trap) and gas chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the speciation of volatile antimony, tin and bismuth compounds in landfill and fermentation gases},
	journal = {Analyst},
	volume = {123},
	number = {5},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: ZN568Times Cited: 40Cited Reference Count: 183rd International Symposium on Speciation of Trace Elements in Biological, Environmental and Toxicological SciencesSEP 15-19, 1997PORT DOUGLAS, AUSTRALIAUniv New S Wales, Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, McMaster Univ, Inst Environ \& Hlth, MAFF, CSL, Food Sci Lab},
	month = {May},
	pages = {815-820},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {ICP-MS is very sensitive and has limited matrix effects when used as an element-specific detector for GC in order to identify volatile metal or metalloid species, GC-MS is not very sensitive or selective in the electron ionization (EI) mode, but provides molecular information about volatile species. In this work, an ion trap EI-MS-MS and an ICP-MS system were used as two different detectors for the same GC system to provide complementary information about volatile organometallic species in the complex matrices of landfill and sewage sludge fermentation gases. A simple robust GC separation method with cryotrapping was adequate for the separation of the different metal(loid) containing volatile compounds, and was directly coupled to the ICP-MS system, In addition, gas samples from this GC system were collected in evacuated vials. These fractions were further separated on a capillary column and detected in an ion trap mass spectrometer. For the first time, parent ions, fragmentation patterns, isotopic ratios for Sb and Sn, and MS-MS data were used to identify positively Me3Sb, Me4Sn and Et2Me2Sn in landfill gas and Me3Sb and Me3Bi in fermentation gas.},
	keywords = {ELEMENTS, fermentation gas, gas chromatography-inductively coupled, ion trap mass spectrometry, landfill gas, MASS SPECTROMETRY, METAL, MS, organometallics, ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS, trimethylbismuthine, trimethylstibine, VOLATILE, WASTE DEPOSITS},
	isbn = {0003-2654},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000073658900010},
	author = {Feldmann, J. and Koch, I. and Cullen, W. R.}
}
