@article {958,
	title = {Metabolism of thymol and trans-Anethole in Larvae of Spodoptera litura and Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry},
	volume = {52},
	number = {9},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 816UPTimes Cited: 9Cited Reference Count: 9},
	month = {May},
	pages = {2549-2551},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Metabolism of the monoterpenoid thymol and the phenylpropanoid trans-anethole, both constituents of essential oils, was investigated following topical and oral administration of the compounds to the tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura) and the cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni). In both species and irrespective of route, administration of thymol resulted in the excretion of its 3-O-beta-glucoside, whereas trans-anethole was hydroxylated on the side chain methyl group. Both metabolites were isolated and their structures elucidated by interpretation of their mass and NMR spectra. Previous experiments indicated that trans-anethole synergized the toxicity of thymol in S. litura, but analyses of feces indicated that metabolism of thymol was not significantly suppressed when the two compounds were orally coadministered to T. ni larvae.},
	keywords = {biotransformation, CUTWORM, INSECTS, METABOLISM, Spodoptera litura, synergistic effects, thymol, trans-anethole, Trichoplusia ni},
	isbn = {0021-8561},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000221135100020},
	author = {Passreiter, C. M. and Wilson, J. and Andersen, R. J. and Isman, M. B.}
}
@article {506,
	title = {Metabolism of pyrene by two clam species, Mya arenaria and Protothaca staminea},
	journal = {Chemosphere},
	volume = {49},
	number = {3},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 595QETimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 29},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {315-322},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Two species of marine clam, Mya arenaria and Protothaca staminea, were exposed to pyrene and 1-hydroxypyrene in small glass aquaria. After 10 days of exposure the clams were sacrificed, and both clam tissue and seawater were assayed for pyrene metabolites by using HPLC, fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC-ESI-MS, GC-MS and H-1-NMR spectrometry. 1-Pyrenol-1-hydrogensulfate (pyrene-1-sulfate) was identified as the major water soluble metabolite formed from both pyrene and 1-hydroxypyrene by both species of clam. 1-Hydroxypyrene was identified as a minor metabolite of pyrene, and pyrenediol-hydrogen sulfate was identified as a minor metabolite of 1-hydroxypyrene. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {BENZO<A>PYRENE, BIOMARKERS, biotransformation, contaminant, EXPOSURE, mollusk, PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS, SOUND},
	isbn = {0045-6535},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000178119600012},
	author = {Simpson, C. D. and Cullen, W. R. and He, T. Y. T. and Ikonomou, M. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {5085,
	title = {Biomethylation and bioaccumulation of arsenic(V) by marine alga Fucus gardneri},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {15},
	number = {6},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 435TUTimes Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 23},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {553-560},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The brown alga, Fucus gardneri, was collected from Vancouver Island, B,C,, Canada. Fucus samples were acclimated in seawater and then exposed to arsenic(V) in artificial seawater, all under axenic conditions. The arsenic species in the Fucus samples were extracted into 1:1 methanol-H2O and identified by using ion-pairing high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS), Anion-exchange HPLC-ICP-MS was used to identify the arsenic species in the growth medium. It was found that similar to 73\% of the original arsenosugars in the F, gardneri samples were lost during the acclimation period. Arsenite [As(III)] and dimethylarsenate [DMA] concentration increased in the Fucus samples after exposure to arsenate [As(V)], A small increase in the concentration of an arsenosugar was seen during this period, accompanied by a further decrease in the concentration of two other arsenosugars. The experiments provided very little evidence for the hypothesis that arsenosugars are produced by the macroalgae. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {(ICP-MS), accumulation, ALGAE, arsenic, arsenite [As(III)], arsenosugar, biotransformation, chromatography (HPLC), dimethylarsenate [DMA], ENVIRONMENT, Fucus gardneri, high-performance liquid, IDENTIFICATION, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000168897900015},
	author = {Granchinho, S. C. R. and Polishchuk, E. and Cullen, W. R. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {4461,
	title = {Methylantimony compound formation in the medium of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis cultures: (CD3)-C-13-L-methionine as a source of the methyl group},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {13},
	number = {10},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 243BTTimes Cited: 21Cited Reference Count: 134th International Conference on Biological and Environmental Aspects of Main Group OrganometallicsJUN, 1998ODENSE, DENMARK},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {681-687},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {The filamentous fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis produces nonvolatile methylantimony compounds (found in the medium) when grown in antimony(III)-rich medium. To investigate the methyl source, (CD3)-C-13-labelled L-methionine was added to the growth medium. After one month sodium borohydride reduction of media samples produced dimethylstibine and trimethylstibine. The methylstibines were separated on a packed GC column and obtained as gaseous fractions. Analysis of the methylstibines, in the gaseous fractions, by CGC-MS (lion-trap) established (CD3)-C-13 incorporation in both the trimethyl-and dimethyl-antimony compounds. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {ANTIMONY, APIOTRICHUM-HUMICOLA, BIOMETHYLATION, biotransformation, CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY, COMPOUNDS, L-methionine, methylantimony, potassium antimony tartrate, S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, SPECIATION, species},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000082977800003},
	author = {Andrewes, P. and Cullen, W. R. and Feldmann, J. and Koch, I. and Polishchuk, E.}
}
@article {4183,
	title = {The production of methylated organoantimony compounds by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {12},
	number = {12},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 149RQTimes Cited: 34Cited Reference Count: 37},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {827-842},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Cultures of the fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis were grown in antimony-rich media. Although volatile compounds of other elements were readily detected in the culture headspace, volatile antimony compounds were formed irreproducibly and at only ultratrace levels. In order to monitor the media for nonvolatile methylantimony compounds, a method of sample preparation was developed, based on solid-phase extraction. This enabled the separation of large quantities of soluble inorganic antimony species from trace amounts of organo-antimony compounds before speciation by HG-GC-AAS, By this methodology methylated antimony compounds were detected at concentrations of 0.8- 7.1 mu g Sbl(-1) in all media in which S. brevicaulis was grown in the presence of antimony(III) compounds. These methylantimony species were not detected in any of the nonliving or medium-only controls. Methylated compounds were not detected where S. brevicaulis was grown in the presence of antimony(V) compounds. This is the first study to show that antimony(III) compounds are biomethylated by S. brevicaulis under aerobic-only growth conditions. (C) 1998 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
	keywords = {ANTIMONY, APIOTRICHUM-HUMICOLA, ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, BIOMETHYLATION, biotransformation, GASES, GENERATION, hydride, HYDRIDE GENERATION, infant death syndrome (SIDS), INFANT-DEATH-SYNDROME, LAKE-BIWA, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION, SPECIATION, sudden, volatile antimony, VOLATILE METAL, WASTE DEPOSITS},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000077619500006},
	author = {Andrewes, P. and Cullen, W. R. and Feldmann, J. and Koch, I. and Polishchuk, E. and Reimer, E.}
}
@article {4156,
	title = {C-14-Labeled microcystin-LR administered to Atlantic salmon via intraperitoneal injection provides in vivo evidence for covalent binding of microcystin-LR in salmon livers},
	journal = {Toxicon},
	volume = {35},
	number = {6},
	year = {1997},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: XG731Times Cited: 32Cited Reference Count: 18},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {985-989},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The tissue distribution and clearance of radiolabeled microcystin-LR administered to Atlantic salmon via i.p. injection has been re-examined using uniformly C-14-labeled toxin, Significant differences were found to exist between these results and those obtained when fish received an i.p. injection of tritium-labeled dihydromicrocystin-LR. In addition, MeOH liver extracts were assayed by both phosphatase assay and C-14 counts and the results compared with the total levels of incorporation determined by digestion and subsequent C-14 counting of the same liver tissues. An attempt to investigate the metabolism and to document the putative products was also undertaken. It was found that microcystin-LR was extensively metabolized to compounds that are more polar than the parent compound. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.},
	keywords = {biotransformation, CHROMATOGRAPHY, DIARRHETIC SHELLFISH TOXINS, DISEASE, IDENTIFICATION, INHIBITOR, POTENT, PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION, TYPE-1},
	isbn = {0041-0101},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997XG73100017},
	author = {Williams, D. E. and Craig, M. and Dawe, S. C. and Kent, M. L. and Andersen, R. J. and Holmes, C. F. B.}
}
