@article {724,
	title = {Characterization of copper-complexing ligands in seawater using immobilized copper(Il)-ion affinity chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {83},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 743RZTimes Cited: 13Cited Reference Count: 44Ocean Sciences Meeting 2002FEB 11-15, 2002HONOLULU, HAWAII},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {47-58},
	type = {Proceedings Paper},
	abstract = {Electrochemical studies show that copper and other bioactive trace metals are associated almost exclusively with dissolved organic ligands in surface seawater. Some of these ligands may be released by photosynthetic marine organisms to control metal uptake. However, new analytical approaches are needed to determine the chemical composition and ecological significance of these compounds. We have combined immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to selectively extract and characterize copper-complexing ligands in seawater. Samples taken from British Columbia coastal waters were filtered through mixed cellulose membranes (0.45 mum) using nitrogen overpressure. Compounds with an affinity for copper were then extracted using Cu(II)-IMAC and eluted in acidified seawater. The eluant was monitored using UV absorption (255 nm), which showed that IMAC extracts from river and surface waters contained the highest concentrations of U-V-absorbing organic matter. Fractions were collected and analyzed by flow-injection (FI) negative ion ESI-MS using a custom made XAD-16 column, which gave 82\% recovery and a detection limit of 1.6 pmol for salicylic acid in acidified seawater. Low-molecular-weight compounds containing nitrogen were detected in the IMAC extracts of highest UV absorbance. These compounds followed an elution profile similar to the corresponding UV chromatogram. Measured masses of 265 and 259 Da are consistent with peptides containing, respectively, one thiol and two primary amino groups, characteristics associated with copper-complexing ligands detected in marine algal cultures and surface seawater using other methods. However, the absence of positive ions under experimental conditions suggests that the extracted compounds are predominantly acidic, and may therefore be hydroxamic acids or other nitrogen-containing compounds. The use of alternative resins and FI solvents to improve recovery, increase ionization efficiency, and permit structural (MS/MS) analysis of compounds extracted by IMAC is now being investigated. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {CHROMATOGRAPHY, COMPLEXATION, CU, DISSOLVED COPPER, electrospray ionization, ESTUARINE WATER, iron, LIGANDS, marine environment, MARINE-BACTERIA, MASS SPECTROMETRY, OCEAN, organic compounds, ORGANIC-LIGANDS, PHYTOPLANKTON, SPECIATION, stress},
	isbn = {0304-4203},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000186588500006},
	author = {Ross, A. R. S. and Ikonomou, M. G. and Orians, K. J.}
}
@article {3691,
	title = {The use of high-performance liquid chromatography for the speciation of organotin compounds},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {10},
	number = {5},
	year = {1996},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: UW081Times Cited: 24Cited Reference Count: 89},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {339-362},
	type = {Review},
	abstract = {This review of the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the speciation of organotin compounds which are primarily of significance in the marine environment, is divided into sections on the basis of the different HPLC modes of separation. However, it should be noted that such a classification does not exist in reality. For instance, in an ion-pair reversed-phase system the separation mechanism for the ionic solutes may be ion-pair partitioning, or ion exchange, or both. The relevant practical information (e.g. column type, mobile phase, method of detection and detection limit) is presented in tabular form. MET A brief overview of the reported detection MIP methods is included, because the delay in development of an easily interfaced, specific and sensitive detector has hindered the use of HPLC for organotin speciation studies. The literature reviewed covers publications from 1977, the year of the first application of HPLC to organotin speciation, to April 1995.},
	keywords = {antifouling paints, ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, BUTYLTIN COMPOUNDS, DIALKYLTIN HOMOLOGS, ELEMENTAL SPECIATION, environmental pollution, ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES, FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, marine environment, ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS, organotin, PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION, PLASMA-MASS-SPECTROMETRY, review, SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECIATION, SUPERCRITICAL, tributyltin},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1996UW08100002},
	author = {Harrington, C. F. and Eigendorf, G. K. and Cullen, W. R.}
}
@article {2770,
	title = {BIOTRANSFORMATION OF [H-3] METHYLARSONIC ACID IN A STATIC SEAWATER SYSTEM CONTAINING MYTILUS-CALIFORNIANUS},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {7},
	number = {5},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LV681Times Cited: 8Cited Reference Count: 24},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {329-334},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Mytius californianus exposed for 9 days to a seawater system containing [H-3]methylarsonic acid, was found to contain [H-3]methylarsonic acid along with [H-3]arsenobetaine and two unknown H-3-labeled compounds in the tissue parts of the mussel. A linear increase with time in the specific activity present in the flesh of Mytilus californianus was also observed. The highest specific activity was found in the visceral mass and the gills of the mussel.},
	keywords = {ALGAE, ARSENIC SPECIATION, arsenobetaine, ARSENOCHOLINE, BIOACCUMULATION, H-3 LABEL, IDENTIFICATION, marine environment, methylarsonic acid, METHYLATION, mussel, ORGANOARSENIC},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LV68100005},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Pergantis, S. A.}
}
