@article {4348,
	title = {The determination of dissolved zirconium and hafnium from seawater using isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry},
	journal = {Marine Chemistry},
	volume = {60},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: ZR467Times Cited: 23Cited Reference Count: 22},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {245-255},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {This paper describes the development of an analytical technique utilizing isotope dilution and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) to determine the picomolar and femtomolar concentrations of dissolved Zr and Hf found in seawater. Data acquired using this technique are presented to verify the method; in the subarctic North Pacific Zr ranges from 25 to 366 pmol/kg and Hf from 0.20 to 1.02 pmol/kg, with concentrations increasing smoothly with depth. The chelating ion-exchange resin, Chelex-100, was found to be suitable for the extraction/concentration step required for the determination of dissolved Zr and Hf in seawater using isotope dilution analysis. The extraction was optimized for pH, flow rate, resin volume, elution volume, and the time required for isotope equilibration. The isotope ratios Zr-91/Zr-90 and Hf-178/Hf-177 were measured using flow injection ICP/MS. The detection limits for a one litre sample are 0.21 and 0.03 pmol/kg for Zr and Hf, respectively. The analytical precision (Is) of the technique improves with increasing concentration and varies from 7\% at 42 pmol/kg to 2.5\% at 280 pmol/kg for Zr and from 22\% at 0.28 pmol/kg to 9\% at 1.4 pmol/kg for Hf. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.},
	keywords = {aluminum, ATLANTIC, ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, Chelex-100, hafnium, ICP-MS, OCEAN, SEA-WATER, SEAWATER, trace metals, TRACE-METALS, ZIRCONIUM},
	isbn = {0304-4203},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000073979800008},
	author = {McKelvey, B. A. and Orians, K. J.}
}
@article {3004,
	title = {DEGRADATION OF PHENANTHRENE AND PYRENE BY MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM MARINE SEDIMENT AND SEAWATER},
	journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
	volume = {156},
	number = {1},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: PJ991Times Cited: 18Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {27-37},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Microorganisms which are able to degrade phenanthrene and pyrene were isolated from both seawater and sediment samples collected from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) polluted environment, Kitimat Arm, British Columbia, Canada. Four strains from a seawater culture were isolated and examined. No additional PAH induction was necessary in the enrichment process, indicating that these PAH degrading microorganisms are previously exposed to PAHs in the environment under study. Microorganisms enriched with phenanthrene as the sole carbon and energy source also degraded pyrene readily. A metabolite, pyrene cis-4,5-dihydrodiol was observed from pyrene degradation, and this metabolite was further degraded after pyrene was utilized by the microorganisms.},
	keywords = {BIODEGRADATION, bioremediation, CONTAMINATED, DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENT, ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS, MICROORGANISMS, MINERALIZATION, NAPHTHALENE, PAH, PHENANTHRENE, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, PYRENE, SEAWATER, SEDIMENT, SOIL},
	isbn = {0048-9697},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1994PJ99100004},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Li, X. F. and Reimer, K. J.}
}
@article {2769,
	title = {THE BIOTRANSFORMATION OF MONOMETHYLARSONATE AND DIMETHYLARSINATE INTO ARSENOBETAINE IN SEAWATER AND MUSSELS},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {7},
	number = {5},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: LV681Times Cited: 19Cited Reference Count: 12},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {319-327},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Water-soluble H-3-labeled arsenic compounds were phenol-extracted from mussels (Mytilus edulis) and seawater after exposure to [H-3]monomethylarsonate (MMAA) and [H-3]dimethylarsinate (DMAA). Varying amounts of [H-3] arsenobetaine were found in mussels and seawater, depending upon the experimental conditions. The results indicate that arsenobetaine is principally biosynthesized by microscopic organisms in the seawater and that it is bioaccumulated by mussels. Total arsenic concentrations in mussel flesh, byssal threads and shells were also determined, showing concentration increases in all three compartments.},
	keywords = {ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, arsenobetaine, DIMETHYLARSINATE, ENVIRONMENT, MONOMETHYLARSONATE, MUSSELS, SEAWATER},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993LV68100004},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Nelson, J. C.}
}
@article {6778,
	title = {THE QUANTITATION OF BUTYLTIN AND CYCLOHEXYLTIN COMPOUNDS IN THE MARINE-ENVIRONMENT OF BRITISH-COLUMBIA},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {4},
	number = {6},
	year = {1990},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: EU195Times Cited: 29Cited Reference Count: 27},
	month = {Nov-Dec},
	pages = {581-590},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {{A HPLC/GF AA procedure based on the use of C-18 columns is described for the quantitation of butyltin species in marine samples. When a mass spectrometer was used as detector (HPLC MS), evidence was obtained for the presence of other tin compounds in the samples. Extracts of samples were treated with CH3MgBr and examined by using GC MS; the presence of BU(n)SnMe4-n (n = 3-1},
	keywords = {BUTYLTIN SPECIES, CYCLOHEXYLTIN SPECIES, CYHEXTIN, GC MS, HPLC AA, HPLC MS, LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY, ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS, OYSTERS, PLICTRAN, SAMPLES, SEAWATER, SPECIATION, SURFACE MICROLAYER, WATER},
	isbn = {0268-2605},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1990EU19500001},
	author = {Cullen, W. R. and Eigendorf, G. K. and Nwata, B. U. and Takatsu, A.}
}
