@article {399,
	title = {Studies of a benzoporphyrin derivative with Pluronics},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Chemistry-Revue Canadienne De Chimie},
	volume = {80},
	number = {10},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 623LCTimes Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 22},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {1321-1326},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The synthetic route for the benzoporphyrin derivatives produces two regioisomers in equimolar quantities (ring A and B isomers). A derivative of the A-ring product, BPD-MA (benzoporphyrin-derivative monoacid ring A, verteporfin), has recently been approved in North America and Europe for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. The B-ring isomers, contrary to the A-ring isomers, exhibit high aggregation in many formulations, which results in inadequate drug delivery for clinical uses. To avoid aggregation, a non-ionic surfactant polymer such as a Pluronic - poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) - may be used as a formulation excipient. The triblock polymer investigated here is designated P123 (or poloxamer 403). When used to formulate a monoacid benzoporphyrin B-ring derivative (2), a critical micelle concentration of P123 in water occurred at approximately 0.015 to 0.03\%. The apparent pK(a) of compound 2 was dependent on its concentration in P123, and decreased as the molar ratio (P123:2) increased. High concentrations of P123 and neutral pH were found to be the best conditions to maintain the drug in its monomeric form. Kinetic studies suggest that the aggregate of 2 contains several molecules, and is formed by a catalyzed self-assembly process. Samples with 1 mg mL(-1) of drug, at pH = 7.4, and 4.8\% of Pluronic showed satisfactory capacity to load and keep monomers stable. This formulation has potential PDT applications.},
	keywords = {AGGREGATION, AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS, block copolymers, BPD, COPOLYMERS, DYNAMICS, formulation, micelles, PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY, photodynamic therapy (PDT), PHOTOSENSITIZERS, photosensitizing drug, Pluronic, poloxamers, porphyrins, SURFACTANTS, THERMODYNAMICS},
	isbn = {0008-4042},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000179703700007},
	author = {Hioka, N. and Chowdhary, R. K. and Chansarkar, N. and Delmarre, D. and Sternberg, E. and Dolphin, D.}
}
@article {4670,
	title = {Moderately dense gas transport coefficients via time correlation functions. I. General formalism},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
	volume = {111},
	number = {15},
	year = {1999},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 244LBTimes Cited: 3Cited Reference Count: 35},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {6909-6921},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A new method is developed for deriving first order density corrections to gas transport coefficients using the time correlation function formalism. In a moderately dense gas, both kinetic and potential contributions to the flux are significant. This article extends the projection operator technique developed in our previous work for purely kinetic flux operators [J. Chem. Phys. 109, 3452 (1998)] to include the effects of the potential contribution to the flux. The method introduces two projection operators, one for each of the kinetic and potential flux contributions, with the consequence that the calculation of a transport coefficient involves a matrix associated with the two flux contributions, and the inversion of this matrix. The binary collision expansion of the resolvent in each of the matrix elements allows a transport coefficient at moderate gas densities to be expressed in terms of integrals over functions of the intermolecular potential. In the following article, it is shown that these results are consistent (that is, within a similar level of approximation of the integrals) with the known density corrections for the coefficients of viscosity and thermal conductivity. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)51438-4].},
	keywords = {formulation, IRREDUCIBLE CARTESIAN TENSORS},
	isbn = {0021-9606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000083051600028},
	author = {Snider, R. F. and Alavi, S.}
}
