@article {1290,
	title = {Spontaneous formation of core/shell bimetallic nanoparticles: A calorimetric study},
	journal = {Journal of Physical Chemistry B},
	volume = {109},
	number = {34},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 959DQTimes Cited: 23Cited Reference Count: 41},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {16326-16331},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {We showed recently that low entropy core/shell structured nanoparticles form spontaneously from the physical mixture of a dispersion of Ag nanoparticles and that of another noble metal (Rh. Pd, or Pt) at room, temperature. Here we use isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and show that the initial step of such a spontaneous process is strongly exothermic. When the alcohol dispersion of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP)-protected Rh nanoparticles (average diameter 2.3 nm) was titrated into the alcoholic dispersion of PVP-protected Ag nanoparticles, a strong exothermic enthalpy change, Delta H. was observed: Delta H = -908 kJ/mol for Ag(S) nanoparticle (average diameter 10.8 nm) and -963 kJ/mol for Ag(L) nanoparticles (average diameter 22.5 nm). The strength of interaction increases in the order of Rh/Ag > Pd/Ag > Pt/Ag. This strong exothermic interaction is considered as a driving force to from low entropy bimetallic nanoparticles by simple mixing of two kinds of monometallic nanoparticles. We show also that exothermic interactions occur between a pair of noble metal nanoparticles themselves by using ITC.},
	keywords = {ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE, BINDING, CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY, CLUSTERS, CORE-SHELL, GOLD NANOPARTICLES, isothermal titration calorimetry, NANOPARTICLES, PD, REDUCTION, STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS},
	isbn = {1520-6106},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000231497500015},
	author = {Toshima, N. and Kanemaru, M. and Shiraishi, Y. and Koga,Yoshikata}
}
@article {3857,
	title = {Tensor LEED analyses for the (root 3x root 3)R30 degrees and c(4x2) structures formed by sulphur chemisorbed on the (111) surface of rhodium},
	journal = {Surface Science},
	volume = {345},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1996},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: TT592Times Cited: 17Cited Reference Count: 16},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {101-109},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Tensor LEED analyses have been made for the Rh(111)-(root 3 x root 3)R30 degrees-S and Rh(lll)-c(4 x 2)-S surface structures formed by S chemisorbed at 1/3 and 1/2 monolayer coverages respectively. For the lower-coverage form, S adsorbs on the regular three-coordinate sites which continue the fee packing sequence; the S-Rh bond lengths are indicated to equal 2.23 Angstrom, and relaxations in the metallic structure are negligible. In the c(4 x 2) form, the adsorption occurs equally on both types of three-coordinate site (fee and hcp), although some surface Rh atoms bond to two S atoms while others bond to just one, and this sets up some interesting relaxations. Specifically, the S atoms displace laterally from the centre of the three-fold sites by 0.20 to 0.29 Angstrom, and the first metal layer is buckled by about 0.23 Angstrom. The first-to-second interlayer spacing in the metal expands to 2.26 Angstrom from the bulk value of 2.20 Angstrom. The average S-Rh bond lengths equal 2.22 Angstrom, and so they are not significantly changed from that in the low-coverage form. The structural evolution for S chemisorbed on the (111) surface of rhodium with increasing coverage is compared with the corresponding evolution on the Rh(110) surface.},
	keywords = {ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE, ASSIGNMENT, chalcogens, CRYSTAL SURFACES, HOLLOW ADSORPTION SITE, LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION (LEED), LOW INDEX SINGLE, NI(111), NO, rhodium, SURFACE RELAXATION},
	isbn = {0039-6028},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1996TT59200014},
	author = {Wong, K. C. and Liu, W. and Saidy, M. and Mitchell, K. A. R.}
}
@article {3488,
	title = {A STRUCTURAL STUDY OF PD/CU(100) SURFACE ALLOYS},
	journal = {Surface Science},
	volume = {337},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: RQ749Times Cited: 33Cited Reference Count: 54},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {79-91},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The structures formed by one-half and one monolayer (ML) of Pd evaporated onto Cu(100) at 300 K were studied by low energy electron diffraction (LEED), medium energy ion scattering (MEIS), thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), and embedded atom method (EAM) calculations. In the half monolayer case, the LEED I(E) curves are consistent with the established c(2 x 2) surface alloy model. The MEIS data, however, suggest that a fraction of the Pd (similar to 1/4) is in {\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}second layer{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} sites, in agreement with previous LEIS, TDS and XPS forward scattering measurements. The EAM simulations support the formation of alloy islands, providing a mechanism for the covering of some Pd atoms. As the deposition proceeds, however, this island formation is indicated to occur preferentially over clean copper. In the one monolayer case, a p(2 x 2)-p4g LEED pattern is observed. Analysis of the I(E) curves suggests that this arises from (100) Pd packed above the c(2 x 2) alloy. EAM calculations confirm the stability of this model. Evidence from MEIS and TDS, however, shows that the one monolayer surface as prepared in this work is inhomogeneous. c(2 x 2) and Cu rich surface domains exist in addition to those having the p4g Pd/c(2 x 2)PdCu structure.},
	keywords = {(MEIS), ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE, ADSORPTION, CU(100), DIFFRACTION, GROWTH, HYDROGEN, ION-SCATTERING, LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION (LEED), LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON, MEDIUM ENERGY ION SCATTERING, molecular dynamics, RECONSTRUCTION, SPECTROSCOPY, surface structure, THERMAL DESORPTION, ULTRATHIN PD FILMS},
	isbn = {0039-6028},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1995RQ74900017},
	author = {Pope, T. D. and Vos, M. and Tang, H. T. and Griffiths, K. and Mitchell, I. V. and Norton, P. R. and Liu, W. and Li, Y. S. and Mitchell, K. A. R. and Tian, Z. J. and Black, J. E.}
}
