@article {1350, title = {Single molecule force spectroscopy reveals a weakly populated microstate of the FnIII domains of tenascin}, journal = {Journal of Molecular Biology}, volume = {361}, number = {2}, year = {2006}, note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 074WPTimes Cited: 8Cited Reference Count: 48Cao, Y. Li, Hongbin}, month = {Aug}, pages = {372-381}, type = {Article}, abstract = {The native states of proteins exist as an ensemble of conformationally similar microstates. The fluctuations among different microstates are of great importance for the functions and structural stability of proteins. Here, we demonstrate that single molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to directly probe the existence of multiple folded microstates. We used the AFM to repeatedly stretch and relax a recombinant tenascin fragment TNfnALL to allow the fibronectin type III (FnIII) domains to undergo repeated unfolding/refolding cycles. In addition to the native state, we discovered that some FnIII domains can refold from the unfolded state into a previously unrecognized microstate, N* state. This novel state is conformationally similar to the native state, but mechanically less stable. The native state unfolds at similar to 120 pN, while the N* state unfolds at similar to 50 pN. These two distinct populations of microstates constitute the ensemble of the folded states for some FnIII domains. An unfolded FnIII domain can fold into either one of the two microstates via two distinct folding routes. These results reveal the dynamic and heterogeneous picture of the folded ensemble for some FnIII domains of tenascin, which may carry important implications for the mechanical functions of tenascins in vivo. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {DYNAMICS, fluctuations, FnIII domains, HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE, IMMUNOGLOBULIN, MECHANICAL STABILITY, mechanical unfolding, microscopy, MODULES, PROTEIN-STRUCTURE, scanning probe, single-molecule force spectroscopy, tenascin, TITIN, UNFOLDING PATHWAYS}, isbn = {0022-2836}, url = {://000239842800014}, author = {Cao, Y. and Li, H. B.} } @article {4772, title = {Structural proteomics of an archaeon}, journal = {Nature Structural Biology}, volume = {7}, number = {10}, year = {2000}, note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 362LRTimes Cited: 188Cited Reference Count: 29}, month = {Oct}, pages = {903-909}, type = {Article}, abstract = {A set of 424 nonmembrane proteins from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum were cloned, expressed and purified for structural studies. Of these, similar to 20\% were found to be suitable candidates for X-ray crystallographic or NMR spectroscopic analysis without further optimization of conditions, providing an estimate of the number of the most accessible structural targets in the proteome. A retrospective analysis of the experimental behavior of these proteins suggested some simple relations between sequence and solubility. implying that data bases of protein properties will be useful in optimizing high throughput strategies. Of the first 10 structures determined, several provided clues to biochemical functions that were not detectable from sequence analysis, and in many cases these putative functions could be readily confirmed by biochemical methods. This demonstrates that structural proteomics is feasible and can play a central role in functional genomics}, keywords = {ALIGNMENT, CLASSIFICATION, GENE, genomics, PREDICTION, PROTEIN-STRUCTURE, SCOP}, isbn = {1072-8368}, url = {://000089779900022}, author = {Christendat, D. and Yee, A. and Dharamsi, A. and Kluger, Y. and Savchenko, A. and Cort, J. R. and Booth, V. and Mackereth, C. D. and Saridakis, V. and Ekiel, I. and Kozlov, G. and Maxwell, K. L. and Wu, N. and McIntosh, L. P. and Gehring, K. and Kennedy, M. A. and Davidson, A. R. and Pai, E. F. and Gerstein, M. and Edwards, A. M. and Arrowsmith, C. H.} }