@article {2120,
	title = {Identification and structural characterization of a CBP/p300-binding domain from the ETS family transcription factor GABP alpha},
	journal = {Journal of Molecular Biology},
	volume = {377},
	number = {3},
	year = {2008},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 293ZPTimes Cited: 5Cited Reference Count: 60Kang, Hyun-Seo Nelson, Mary L. Mackereth, Cameron D. Scharpf, Manuela Graves, Barbara J. McIntosh, Lawrence P.},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {636-646},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Using NMR spectroscopy, we identified and characterized a previously unrecognized structured domain near the N-terminus (residues 35-121) of the ETS family transcription factor GABP alpha. The monomeric domain folds as a five-stranded beta-sheet crossed by a distorted helix. Although globally resembling ubiquitin, the GABP(x fragment differs in its secondary structure topology and thus appears to represent a new protein fold that we term the OST (On-SighT) domain. The surface of the GABP alpha OST domain contains two predominant clusters of negatively-charged residues suggestive of electrostatically driven interactions with positively-charged partner proteins. Following a best-candidate approach to identify such a partner, we demonstrated through NMR-monitored titrations and glutathione S-transferase pulldown assays that the OST domain binds to the CH1 and CH3 domains of the co-activator histone acetyltransferase CBP/p300. This provides a direct structural link between GABP and a central component of the transcriptional machinery. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {BACKBONE DYNAMICS, C-13-LABELED PROTEINS, CREB-BINDING-PROTEIN, ESCHERICHIA-COLI, HIGH-RESOLUTION, HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1-ALPHA, LARGER PROTEINS, NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION, NMR, NMR EXPERIMENTS, protein-protein interaction, RESIDUAL DIPOLAR COUPLINGS, SPECTROSCOPY, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, UBIQUITIN},
	isbn = {0022-2836},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000255374200006},
	author = {Kang, H. S. and Nelson, M. L. and Mackereth, C. D. and Scharpf, M. and Graves, B. J. and McIntosh, L. P.}
}
@article {1473,
	title = {Beads-on-a-string, characterization of Ets-1 sumoylated within its flexible N-terminal sequence},
	journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry},
	volume = {281},
	number = {7},
	year = {2006},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 011NNTimes Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 62},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {4164-4172},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Sumoylation regulates the activities of several members of the ETS transcription factor family. To provide a molecular framework for understanding this regulation, we have characterized the conjugation of Ets-1 with SUMO-1. Ets-1 is modified in vivo predominantly at a consensus sumoylation motif containing Lys-15. This lysine is located within the unstructured N-terminal segment of Ets-1 preceding its PNT domain. Using NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the Ets-1 sumoylation motif associates with the substrate binding site on the SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 (K-d similar to 400 mu M) and that the PNT domain is not involved in this interaction. Ets-1 with Lys-15 mutated to an arginine still binds UBC9 with an affinity similar to the wild type protein, but is no longer sumoylated. NMR chemical shift and relaxation measurements reveal that the covalent attachment of mature SUMO-1, via its flexible C-terminal Gly-97, to Lys-15 of Ets-1 does not perturb the structure or dynamic properties of either protein. Therefore sumoylated Ets-1 behaves as "beads-on-a-string" with the two proteins tethered by flexible polypeptide segments containing the isopeptide linkage. Accordingly, SUMO-1 may mediate interactions of Ets-1 with signaling or transcriptional regulatory macromolecules by acting as a structurally independent docking module, rather than through the induction of a conformational change in either protein upon their covalent linkage. We also hypothesize that the flexibility of the linking polypeptide sequence may be a general feature contributing to the recognition of SUMO-modified proteins by their downstream effectors.},
	keywords = {BACKBONE DYNAMICS, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, DNA-BINDING, MODIFICATION, NMR-SPECTROSCOPY, NUCLEAR-BODIES, POINTED DOMAIN, SUMO, TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION, TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR, UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYME},
	isbn = {0021-9258},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000235275300048},
	author = {Macauley, M. S. and Errington, W. J. and Scharpf, M. and Mackereth, C. D. and Blaszczak, A. G. and Graves, B. J. and McIntosh, L. P.}
}
@article {1165,
	title = {The structural and dynamic basis of Ets-1 DNA binding autoinhibition},
	journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry},
	volume = {280},
	number = {8},
	year = {2005},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 902DTTimes Cited: 19Cited Reference Count: 73},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {7088-7099},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The transcription factor Ets-1 is regulated by the allosteric coupling of DNA binding with the unfolding of an alpha-helix (HI-1) within an autoinhibitory module. To understand the structural and dynamic basis for this autoinhibition, we have used NAIR spectroscopy to characterize Ets-1DeltaN301, a partially inhibited fragment of Ets-1. The NMR-derived Ets-1DeltaN301 structure reveals that the autoinhibitory module is formed predominantly by the hydrophobic packing of helices from the N-terminal (HI-1, HI-2) and C-terminal (114, 115) inhibitory sequences, along with H1 of the intervening DNA binding ETS domain. The intramolecular interactions made by HI-1 in Ets-1DeltaN301 are similar to the intermolecular contacts observed in the crystal structure of an Ets-1DeltaN300 dimer, confirming that the latter represents a domain-swapped species. N-15 relaxation studies demonstrate that the backbone of the N-terminal inhibitory sequence is mobile on the nanosecond-picosecond and millisecond-microsecond time scales. Furthermore, hydrogen exchange measurements reveal that amide protons in helices HI-I and HI-2 exchange with water at rates only similar to15- and similar to75-fold slower, respectively, than predicted for an unfolded polypeptide. These findings indicate that inhibitory helices are only marginally stable even in the absence of DNA. The energetic coupling of DNA binding with the facile unfolding of the labile HI-1 provides a mechanism for modulating Ets-1 DNA binding activity via protein partnerships, post-translational modifications, or mutations. Ets-1 autoinhibition illustrates how conformational equilibria within structural domains can regulate macromolecular interactions.},
	keywords = {BACKBONE DYNAMICS, CHEMICAL-EXCHANGE, DIPOLAR COUPLINGS, Ets-1, GROUP HYDROGEN-EXCHANGE, HIGH-RESOLUTION, MURINE, N-15 NMR RELAXATION, POINTED DOMAIN, SECONDARY STRUCTURE, SIDE-CHAINS},
	isbn = {0021-9258},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000227332700099},
	author = {Lee, G. M. and Donaldson, L. W. and Pufall, M. A. and Kang, H. S. and Pot, I. and Graves, B. J. and McIntosh, L. P.}
}
@article {932,
	title = {Structural and dynamic independence of isopeptide-linked RanGAP1 and SUMO-1},
	journal = {Journal of Biological Chemistry},
	volume = {279},
	number = {47},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 870ZPTimes Cited: 14Cited Reference Count: 46},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {49131-49137},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Although sumoylation regulates a diverse and growing number of recognized biological processes, the molecular mechanisms by which the covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein SUMO can alter the properties of a target protein remain to be established. To address this question, we have used NMR spectroscopy to characterize the complex of mature SUMO-1 with the C-terminal domain of human RanGAP1. Based on amide chemical shift and N-15 relaxation measurements, we show that the C terminus of SUMO-1 and the loop containing the consensus sumoylation site in RanGAP1 are both conformationally flexible. Furthermore, the overall structure and backbone dynamics of each protein remain unchanged upon the covalent linkage of Lys(524) in RanGAP1 to the C-terminal Gly(97) of SUMO-1. Therefore, SUMO-1 and RanGAP1 behave as "beads-on-a-string," connected by a flexible isopeptide tether. Accordingly, the sumoylation-dependent interaction of RanGAP1 with the nucleoporin RanBP2 may arise through the bipartite recognition of both RanGAP1 and SUMO-1 rather than through a new binding surface induced in either individual protein upon their covalent linkage. We hypothesize that this conformational flexibility may be a general feature contributing to the recognition of ubiquitin-like modified proteins by their downstream effector machineries.},
	keywords = {BACKBONE DYNAMICS, BINDING, CONJUGATION, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN, IN-VIVO, MOLYBDOPTERIN, NUCLEAR-PORE COMPLEX, SYNTHASE, UBC9, UBIQUITIN},
	isbn = {0021-9258},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000225098100078},
	author = {Macauley, M. S. and Errington, W. J. and Okon, M. and Scharpf, M. and Mackereth, C. D. and Schulman, B. A. and McIntosh, L. P.}
}
@article {496,
	title = {Site-specific characterization of the association of xylooligosaccharides with the CBM13 lectin-like xylan binding domain from Streptomyces lividans xylanase 10A by NMR spectroscopy},
	journal = {Biochemistry},
	volume = {41},
	number = {13},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 538ARTimes Cited: 12Cited Reference Count: 53},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {4255-4263},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Endo-beta-1,4-xylanase 10A (Xyn10A) from Streptomyces lividans includes an N-terminal catalytic module and a 130-residue C-terminal family 13 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM13). This latter domain adopts a beta-trefoil structure with three potential binding sites (alpha, beta, and gamma) for a variety of small sugars, xylooligosaccharides, and xylan polymers. To investigate the role of this multivalency in carbohydrate binding, we have used NMR spectroscopy to characterize the interaction of isolated CBM13 with a series of sugars. We have assigned resonances from the main chain nuclei of CBM13 using heteronuclear NMR experiments. Analysis of N-15 NMR relaxation data using the extended model free formalism reveals that CBM13 tumbles as an oblate ellipsoid (D-\/D-perpendicular to = 0.80+/-0.02) and that its backbone is relatively rigid on the sub-nanosecond time scale. In particular, the three binding sites show no distinct patterns of increased internal mobility. Ligand-induced chemical shift changes in the H-1-N-15 HSQC spectra of CBM13 were monitored as a function of increasing concentrations Of L-arabinose, lactose, D-xylose, xylobiose, xylotetraose, and xylohexaose. Patterns of shift perturbations for well-resolved resonances demonstrate that all of these sugars associate independently with the three binding sites of CBM13. On the basis of the site-specific association constants derived from a quantitative analysis of these titration data, we show that L-arabinose, lactose, and D-xylose preferentially bind to the alpha site of CBM13, xylobiose binds equally well to all three sites, and xylotetraose and xylohexaose prefer binding to the beta site. Inspection of the crystallographic structure of CBM13 [Notenboom, V., Boraston, A. B., Williams, S. J., Kilburn, D. G., and Rose, D. R. (2002) Biochemistry 41, 4246-4254] provides a rationalization for these results.},
	keywords = {BACKBONE DYNAMICS, CELLULOMONAS-FIMI CENC, CHEMICAL-SHIFTS, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES, E-86, IMPROVED SENSITIVITY, INSOLUBLE LIGANDS, LIGAND SPECIFICITY, NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, OLIVACEOVIRIDIS, ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION},
	isbn = {0006-2960},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000174792300010},
	author = {Scharpf, M. and Connelly, G. P. and Lee, G. M. and Boraston, A. B. and Warren, R. A. J. and McIntosh, L. P.}
}
@article {4780,
	title = {Analysis of the dynamic properties of Bacillus circulans xylanase upon formation of a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate},
	journal = {Protein Science},
	volume = {9},
	number = {3},
	year = {2000},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 295XWTimes Cited: 16Cited Reference Count: 56},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {512-524},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {NMR spectroscopy was used to search for mechanistically significant differences in the local mobility of the main-chain amides of Bacillus circulans xylanase (BCX) in its native and catalytically competent covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate states. N-15 T-1, T-2, and N-15{H-1} NOE values were measured for similar to 120 out of 178 peptide groups in both the apo form of the protein and in BCX covalently modified at position Glu78 with a mechanism-based 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-xylobioside inactivator. Employing the model-free formalism of Lipari and Szabo, the measured relaxation parameters were used to calculate a global correlation time ( tau(m)) for the protein in each form (9.2 +/- 0.2 ns for apo-BCX; 9.8 +/- 0.3 ns for the modified protein), as well as individual order parameters for the main-chain NH bond vectors. Average values of the order parameters for the protein in the apo and complexed forms were S-2 = 0.86 +/- 0.04 and S-2 = 0.91 +/- 0.04, respectively. No correlation is observed between these order parameters and the secondary structure, solvent accessibility, or hydrogen bonding patterns of amides in either form of the protein. These results demonstrate that the backbone of BCX is well ordered in both states and that formation of the,glycosyl-enzyme intermediate leads to little change, in any, in the dynamic properties of BCX on the time scales sampled by N-15-NMR relaxation measurements.},
	keywords = {ACTIVE-SITE NUCLEOPHILE, ANISOTROPIC ROTATIONAL, BACKBONE DYNAMICS, BINDING, BURIED NEUTRAL HISTIDINE, DIFFUSION, glucanase, GLYCOSYL-ENZYME INTERMEDIATE, MAGNETIC-RESONANCE RELAXATION, MODEL-FREE APPROACH, N-15 NMR RELAXATION, NMR, order parameter, PROTEIN, PROTEINS, relaxation dynamics, SIDE-CHAIN RESONANCES, STRUCTURE},
	isbn = {0961-8368},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000085994800009},
	author = {Connelly, G. P. and Withers, S. G. and McIntosh, L. P.}
}
