@article {31518, title = {Solution-Deposited Solid-State Electrochromic Windows}, journal = {iScience}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, pages = {80 - 86}, abstract = {
Summary Commercially available electrochromic (EC) windows are based on solid-state devices in which WO3 and NiOx films commonly serve as the EC and counter electrode layers, respectively. These metal oxide layers are typically physically deposited under vacuum, a time- and capital-intensive process when using rigid substrates. Herein we report a facile solution deposition method for producing amorphous WO3 and NiOx layers that prove to be effective materials for a solid-state EC device. The full device containing these solution-processed layers demonstrates performance metrics that meet or exceed the benchmark set by devices containing physically deposited layers of the same compositions. The superior EC performance measured for our devices is attributed to the amorphous nature of the NiOx produced by the solution-based photodeposition method, which yields a more effective ion storage counter electrode relative to the crystalline NiOx layers that are more widely used. This versatile method yields a distinctive approach for constructing EC windows.
}, keywords = {COATINGS, energy materials, materials science}, issn = {2589-0042}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2018.11.014}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004218302049}, author = {Wei Cheng and Marta Moreno-Gonzalez and Ke Hu and Caroline Krzyszkowski and David J. Dvorak and David M. Weekes and Brian Tam and Curtis P. Berlinguette} } @article {31519, title = {Solution-Deposited Solid-State Electrochromic Windows}, journal = {iScience}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, pages = {80 - 86}, abstract = {Summary Commercially available electrochromic (EC) windows are based on solid-state devices in which WO3 and NiOx films commonly serve as the EC and counter electrode layers, respectively. These metal oxide layers are typically physically deposited under vacuum, a time- and capital-intensive process when using rigid substrates. Herein we report a facile solution deposition method for producing amorphous WO3 and NiOx layers that prove to be effective materials for a solid-state EC device. The full device containing these solution-processed layers demonstrates performance metrics that meet or exceed the benchmark set by devices containing physically deposited layers of the same compositions. The superior EC performance measured for our devices is attributed to the amorphous nature of the NiOx produced by the solution-based photodeposition method, which yields a more effective ion storage counter electrode relative to the crystalline NiOx layers that are more widely used. This versatile method yields a distinctive approach for constructing EC windows.
}, keywords = {COATINGS, energy materials, materials science}, issn = {2589-0042}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2018.11.014}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004218302049}, author = {Wei Cheng and Marta Moreno-Gonzalez and Ke Hu and Caroline Krzyszkowski and David J. Dvorak and David M. Weekes and Brian Tam and Curtis P. Berlinguette} } @article {1325, title = {The effect of pH and role of Ni2+ in zinc phosphating of 2024-Al alloy. Part II: Microscopic studies with SEM and SAM}, journal = {Applied Surface Science}, volume = {253}, number = {2}, year = {2006}, note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 114DVTimes Cited: 13Cited Reference Count: 11Akhtar, A. S. Susac, D. Wong, P. C. Mitchell, K. A. R.}, month = {Nov}, pages = {502-509}, type = {Article}, abstract = {Coatings formed on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning Auger microscopy (SAM) after dipping in zinc phosphating (ZPO) baths at different acidities, with or without the Ni2+ additive. The objective was to learn more about the ZPO coating mechanism on the different microstructural regions of 2024-T3. When the initial coating solution pH is 4 (optimal acidity), a slower etching rate at the Al-Cu-Fe-Mn intermetallic particle{\textquoteright}causes significant precipitation of ZnO, which differs from the coating on other regions of the surface where phosphate predominates. The larger crystals (similar to mu m dimension) on the matrix and the Al-Cu-Mg particle contain more phosphate compared to other areas on the surface. When Ni2+ is added to the coating solution, the Al-Cu-Mg particle is more thickly coated compared to when the Ni2+ is not present. The slower rate of precipitation when Ni2+ is present in the coating solution increases the exposure of the alloy substrate to the acidic environment, so allowing more dissolution of Mg and Al from the Al-Cu-Mg particle. This results in the particle becoming more cathodic in nature, and therefore more coating deposits at this location. Evidence from SAM supports the presence of NiAl2O4, hypothesized in Part I, forming at coating pores later in the process. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {aluminum alloy, ALUMINUM-ALLOY, Auger electron spectroscopy, COATINGS, CONVERSION COATINGS, Ni2+ additive, scanning electron microscopy, zinc phosphate}, isbn = {0169-4332}, url = {