@article {799,
	title = {Characterization of titanium chromium nitride nanocomposite protective coatings},
	journal = {Applied Surface Science},
	volume = {229},
	number = {1-4},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 824INTimes Cited: 12Cited Reference Count: 30},
	month = {May},
	pages = {387-394},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The structural, chemical, optical and mechanical properties of titanium chromium nitride nanocrystalline films deposited by ion beam-assisted deposition were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, nanoindentation and wear testing. Coatings were deposited on silicon and stainless steel substrates with growth temperatures of 150 and 400 degreesC. The concentration of titanium and chromium in the film was regulated by controlling their evaporation rates. The nitrogen concentration was controlled by varying the nitrogen ion current. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicated that the films deposited at 150 degreesC formed solid solutions whereas those produced at 400 degreesC formed nanocomposites. The optical constants were measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry. A correlation between the elemental/phase composition and optical constants was established. The mechanical properties of the coatings were evaluated using nanohardness testing and were found to depend on composition. The nanocomposite films were the hardest (hardness of 30 GPa and elastic modulus of 300 GPa). Tribological properties of titanium chromium nitride coated 440 C stainless steel coupons were evaluated using a ball-on-disk tribometer. These tests were conducted under a load of 50 N for 1.5 million cycles at 180 rpm. Coatings deposited at high temperature did not show any signs of wear. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {B-N, DEPOSITION, ellipsometry, HARD COATINGS, NANOSTRUCTURES, nitrides, SPECTROSCOPY, sputtering, THIN-FILMS, WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS, X-ray photoelectron},
	isbn = {0169-4332},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000221680100050},
	author = {Aouadi, S. M. and Wong, K. C. and Mitchell, K. A. R. and Namavar, F. and Tobin, E. and Mihut, D. M. and Rohde, S. L.}
}
@article {5001,
	title = {Growth and characterization of Cr2N/CrN multilayer coatings},
	journal = {Surface \& Coatings Technology},
	volume = {140},
	number = {3},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 440PQTimes Cited: 26Cited Reference Count: 30},
	month = {May},
	pages = {269-277},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A series of monolithic and multilayer coatings of chromium nitride with various compositions and architectures were deposited at low temperatures (< 200 degreesC) on silicon substrates using ion-assisted reactive magnetron sputtering. All coatings had a total thickness in the 1.5 +/- 0.3 mum range. The multilayer coatings were designed such that their period and CrN fraction varied in the range 30-150 nm and 0.50-0.93, respectively. Real-time in situ ellipsometry was used to monitor and control the deposition process. The deposited coatings were characterized post-deposition using X-ray diffraction (XRD): Rutherford backscattering (RBS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). The primary chromium nitride phases (Cr2N and CrN) in the films were identified using XRD. The chemical composition of selected samples was determined from RES and XPS measurements. The phase composition of the deposited layers was deduced from the analysis of the SE data. The mechanical properties of the coatings were evaluated using a nanoindenter. The measured hardness values were in excess of 20 GPa. The results of the different characterization and testing techniques were correlated and follow-up work on this project suggested. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {chromium nitride, CHROMIUM NITRIDE FILMS, CRN, DEPOSITION, ellipsometry, HARD, MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES, multilayer, nano-indentation, REACTIVE, sputtering, stress, TIN/NBN SUPERLATTICE COATINGS},
	isbn = {0257-8972},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000169183800013},
	author = {Aouadi, S. M. and Schultze, D. M. and Rohde, S. L. and Wong, K. C. and Mitchell, K. A. R.}
}
