@article {984,
	title = {Coulomb collisional processes in space plasmas; relaxation of suprathermal particle distributions},
	journal = {Planetary and Space Science},
	volume = {52},
	number = {10},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 858UKTimes Cited: 4Cited Reference Count: 38},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {923-933},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Nonequilibrium distributions of space plasmas are often characterized by extended high-energy tails. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the relaxation of such isotropic nonequilibrium plasmas. We consider an energetic charged species dilutely dispersed in a fully ionized plasma, which acts as a heat bath at equilibrium. The minor constituent is referred to as a "test particle" and collisions between test particles are not included. We study the approach to equilibrium with a finite difference method of solution of the Fokker-Planck equation appropriate for collisions between charged particles. The solution of the Fokker-Planck equation is also presented formally as an expansion in the eigenfunctions of the Fokker-Planck operator. The main objective of the paper is the calculation of the energy-dependent relaxation times of the distribution function. A strong energy dependence for these relaxation times is anticipated since, for Coulomb collisions, the Rutherford cross-section varies with relative speed g as g(-4). Analogous results for neutral species are presented for comparison in the following paper. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ELECTRON VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, equations, GAS, H+, KINETIC-MODEL, NUMERICAL-METHODS, POLAR WIND, relaxation, SOLAR-WIND, TEMPERATURE, TRANSITION},
	isbn = {0032-0633},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000224217300004},
	author = {Shizgal, B. D.}
}
@article {3462,
	title = {NONEQUILIBRIUM EFFECTS IN MODEL REACTIVE SYSTEMS - THE ROLE OF SPECIES TEMPERATURES},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	volume = {52},
	number = {4},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: TA523Times Cited: 15Cited Reference Count: 43Part A},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {3797-3811},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The nonequilibrium effects for a model reactive system, A + B {\textendash}> products, that arise from the perturbation of the distribution function from the Maxwellian are studied. The main objective is the calculation of the fractional decrease of the nonequilibrium rate coefficient from the equilibrium value. This effect is examined with the Chapman-Enskog method of solution of the Boltzmann equation which treats the reactive processes as a weak perturbation. The approach is referred to as weak nonequilibrium. The reactive process causes the temperatures of the two species to differ from the system temperature and this effect can play an important role in the determination of the departure of the rate coefficient from the equilibrium value. A second method is an extension of the Chapman-Enskog approach and involves the expansion of the distribution functions about Maxwellians at different temperatures and is referred to as strong nonequilibrium (SNE). A third approach is a modification of SNE and is referred to as modified strong nonequilibrium. The three methods are described and departures of the rate coefficients from their equilibrium values are computed for each case and compared, along with an explicitly time-dependent solution of the Boltzmann equation.},
	keywords = {ANOMALOUS TRANSPORT, equations, HEAT-FLUX, hydrodynamics, PLASMAS, STRONGLY INHOMOGENEOUS SYSTEMS},
	isbn = {1063-651X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1995TA52300053},
	author = {Napier, D. G. and Shizgal, B. D.}
}
@article {2760,
	title = {ON THE GENERATION OF ORTHOGONAL POLYNOMIALS USING ASYMPTOTIC METHODS FOR RECURRENCE COEFFICIENTS},
	journal = {Journal of Computational Physics},
	volume = {104},
	number = {1},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: KF519Times Cited: 7Cited Reference Count: 29},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {140-149},
	type = {Article},
	keywords = {APPROXIMATION, DISCRETE-ORDINATE METHOD, equations, EXPANSIONS, EXPONENTIAL WEIGHTS},
	isbn = {0021-9991},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1993KF51900016},
	author = {Clarke, A. S. and Shizgal, B.}
}
